A grimoire (IPA /grɪˈmwɑr/) refers to a set of rules for doing something and is a journal kept by practitioners containing information and contributions relevant to their specific field of study. Sacred texts or private journals, manuscripts, or records restricted only for the use of members of religious, scientific, or other exclusive groups have existed since methods of copying and recollection of information have existed. Grimoires are customarily associated with science, religion, and magic, although the dinstinctions may be only a matter of perspective. In "Some Reflections on the Relationship Magic-Religion", author H. S. Versnel writes: "Anthropologists in particular have argued that no meaningful contrast between religion and magic can be gained from this approach and that our notion 'magic' is a modern-western biased construct which does not fit representations of other cultures." The grimoires associated with Egyptian and Babylonian times were relevant to 'scientific study' such as alchemy, while grimoires popular during the late medieval period and the 18th century, were written with more of a focus on magical beliefs and practices and other folk traditions.. During this period, magicians(a term which can be traced from the Greek magos and Old Persian magŭs who were high priests or “learned men") were frequently prosecuted by the Christian church, so their journals were kept hidden to prevent them from being burned. Such books contain astrological correspondences, lists of angels and demons, directions on casting charms and spells, on mixing medicines, summoning unearthly entities, and making talismans. "Magical" books in almost any context, especially books of magical spells, are also called grimoires.