Second Chadian Civil War

The Second Chadian Civil War began in December 2005. The conflict grew to involve troops from Chad, and rebel groups. These include the United Front for Democratic Change, Janjaweed, and the Alliance of Revolutionary Forces of West Sudan. The conflict has also involved Sudan which allegedly supported the rebels, Libya, which is also accused of supporting Darfur rebels, but has mediated the conflict, as well as diplomats from the Republic of the Congo, Nigeria, Central African Republic, Burkina Faso, and the African Union. African Union mediators may soon be replaced by an international force, risking further escalation of the conflict.

In their statement, the Chadian government calls for the citizens of Chad to mobilize themselves against the "common enemy", referring to militant members of the Rally for Democracy and Liberty and Platform for Change, Unity and Democracy (SCUD) rebel groups — Chadian rebels, allegedly backed by the Sudanese government — and Sudanese Janjaweed militiamen who crossed over the border from Sudan while pursuing Fur refugees and raiding cities for booty. The RDL denied receiving support from the Sudanese government. Between December 26 and December 28 RDL and SCUD joined with six other rebel groups to form the United Front for Democratic Change rebel alliance, led by Mohammed Nour.

On February 8, 2006 the Tripoli Agreement was signed, which brought a cease to the conflict for approximately two months. The Government of Chad had estimated that 614 Chadian citizens were killed because of the previous conflict. However, with the recent rebel assault on the Chadian capital, N'Djamena, Chad has broken off all relations with Sudan, effectively nullifying the agreement and has threatened to expel refugees from the Darfur region.