Fedora 11

发​行​注​记​

Fedora 11 发​行​注​记​

标​志​

Dale Bewley

Virtualization 

Paul Frields

概​述​ 

Chitlesh Goorah

Electronic Design Automation 

Kevin Kofler

桌​面​ 

Rüdiger Landmann

安​装​ 

Ryan Lerch

Xorg 

John McDonough

业​余​无​线​电​,开​发​工​具​ 

Dominik Mierzejewski

科​学​/技​术​ 

David Nalley

File Systems 

Zachary Oglesby

Multimedia 

Jens Petersen

国​际​化​,Haskell 

Rahul Sundaram

Linux Kernel 

Miloslav Trmac

安​装​程​序​ 

Karsten Wade

内​核​ 

法律通告

Copyright © 2009 Fedora Documentation Project. This material may only be distributed subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, V1.0, (the latest version is presently available at http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/).
Fedora and the Fedora Infinity Design logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., in the U.S. and other countries.
Red Hat and the Red Hat "Shadow Man" logo are registered trademarks of Red Hat Inc. in the United States and other countries.
All other trademarks and copyrights referred to are the property of their respective owners.
Documentation, as with software itself, may be subject to export control. Read about Fedora Project export controls at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/Export.
摘要
这​个​文​档​详​细​论​述​了 Fedora 11 发​行​注​记​。​

1. 欢​迎​使​用 Fedora11
1.1. Fedora 11 概​述​
1.2. 硬​件​需​求​
1.3. 欢​迎​使​用 Fedora
1.4. 反​馈​
2. 安​装​备​注​
2.1. 以​文​本​模​式​安​装​
2.2. 升​级​备​注​
2.3. 引​导​菜​单​
2.4. 更​新​的 boot.iso
3. 特​定​构​架​注​记​
3.1. Fedora 特​定​的 x86
4. 对​桌​面​用​户​来​说 Fedora 的​改​动​
4.1. Fedora 桌​面​
4.2. 联​网​
4.3. 正​在​打​印​
4.4. 国​际​语​言​支​持​
4.5. Multimedia
4.6. 游​戏​和​娱​乐​
4.7. Fedora Live 映​像​
5. 对​系​统​管​理​员​来​说 Fedora 的​改​动​
5.1. Fedora 11 引​导​时​
5.2. 安​全​性​
5.3. Virtualization
5.4. 网​页​服​务​器​和​内​容​服​务​器​
5.5. 邮​件​服​务​器​
5.6. 数​据​库​服​务​器​
5.7. 文​件​服​务​器​
5.8. Samba(Windows 兼​容​性​)
5.9. 系​统​守​护​进​程​
5.10. File Systems
5.11. X 窗​口​系​统​(图​形​)
5.12. HA 群​集​构​架​
6. 对​开​发​者​来​说 Fedora 的​改​动​
6.1. 开​发​
6.2. 运​行​时​
6.3. 工​具​
6.4. Java
6.5. Eclipse
6.6. Haskell
6.7. 嵌​入​式​开​发​
6.8. 向​下​兼​容​
6.9. Linux Kernel
7. 对​特​定​爱​好​者​来​说 Fedora 的​改​动​
7.1. 科​学​和​数​学​方​面​的​更​新​
7.2. Electronic Design Automation
7.3. 对​业​余​无​线​电​爱​好​者​来​说​有​什​么​新​特​性​?
A. 法​律​信​息​
A.1. 许​可​证​
A.2. 商​标​
A.3. 外​部​参​考​
A.4. 导​出​
A.5. 法​律​信​息​
A.6. 更​多​详​情​
B. 修​订​记​录​

1. 欢​迎​使​用 Fedora11

1.1. Fedora 11 概​述​

As always, Fedora continues to develop (http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Red_Hat_contributions) and integrate the latest free and open source software (http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features). The following sections provide a brief overview of major changes from the last release of Fedora. For more details about other features that are included in Fedora 11, refer to their individual wiki pages that detail feature goals and progress:
在​整​个​发​行​周​期​中​,我​们​会​与​主​要​特​性​的​幕​后​开​发​者​洽​谈​并​公​布​一​些​内​部​消​息​:
以​下​是 Fedora 11 的​主​要​特​性​:
  • Automatic font and mime-type installation - PackageKit was introduced in Fedora 9 as a cross-distro software management application for users. The capabilities it offers thanks to integration with the desktop became more visible in Fedora 10, where it provided automatic codec installation. Now in Fedora 11, PackageKit extends this functionality with the ability to automatically install fonts where needed for viewing and editing documents. It also includes the capability to install handlers for specific content types as needed. Some work is still being completed to provide automatic installation of applications.
  • Volume Control - Currently, people using Fedora have to go through many levels of mixers in different applications to properly set up sound sources. These are all exposed in the volume control on the desktop, making for a very confusing user experience. PulseAudio allows us to unify the volume controls in one interface that makes setting up sound easier and more pain-free.
  • Intel, ATI and Nvidia kernel modsetting - Fedora 10 provided the first steps by a major distribution into using the kernel modesetting (KMS) feature to speed up graphical boot. We indicated at the time that we would be adding greater support for additional video cards as time went on. KMS originally was featured only on some ATI cards. In Fedora 11, this work is extended to include many more video cards, including Intel and Nvidia, and additional ATI as well. Although not fully complete, we have increased enormously the video card coverage of the KMS feature, with more to come.
  • Fingerprint - Extensive work has been done to make fingerprint readers easy to use as an authentication mechanism. Currently, using fingerprint readers is a bit of a pain, and installing/using fprint and its pam module take more time than should ever be necessary. The goal of this feature is to make it painless by providing all the required pieces in Fedora, together with nicely integrated configuration. To enable this functionality the user will register their fingerprints on the system as part of user account creation. After doing so, they will easily be able to log in and authenticate seamlessly using a simple finger swipe. This greatly simplifies one element of identity management and is a great step in the evolution of the linux desktop.
  • IBus input method system - ibus has been rewritten in C and is the new default input method for Asian languages. It allows input methods to be added and removed dynamically during a desktop session. It supports Chinese (pinyin, libchewing, tables), Indic (m17n), Japanese (anthy), Korean (libhangul), and more. There are still some features missing compared to scim so testing is strongly encouraged and reports of problems and suggestions for improvements welcome.
这​个​发​行​本​中​包​括​的​其​它​特​性​:
  • Ext4 filesystem - The ext3 file system has remained the mature standard in Linux for a long time. The ext4 file system is a major update that has an improved design, even better performance and reliability, support for much larger storage, and very fast file system checks and file deletions. It is now the default filesystem for new installations.
  • Virt Improved Console - In Fedora 10 and earlier the virtual guest console is limited to a screen resolution of 800x600. In Fedora 11 the goal is to have the screen default to at least 1024x768 resolution out of the box. New installations of F11 provide the ability to use other interface devices in the virtual guest, such as a USB tablet, which the guest will automatically detect and configure. Among the results is a mouse pointer that tracks the local client pointer one-for-one, and providing expanded capabilities.
  • MinGW (Windows cross compiler) - Fedora 11 provides MinGW, a development environment for Fedora users who wish to cross-compile their programs to run on Windows without having to use Windows. In the past developers have had to port and compile all of the libraries and tools they have needed, and this huge effort has happened independently many times over. MinGW eliminates duplication of work for application developers by providing a range of libraries and development tools already ported to the cross-compiler environment. Developers don't have to recompile the application stack themselves, but can concentrate just on the changes needed to their own application.
Features for Fedora 11 tracked on the feature list page:

1.2. 硬​件​需​求​

1.2.1. PPC 构​架​的​处​理​器​和​内​存​要​求​

  • 最​小 CPU:PowerPC G3 / POWER3
  • Fedora 11 supports the New World generation of Apple Power Macintosh, shipped from circa 1999 onward. Although Old World machines should work, they require a special bootloader which is not included in the Fedora distribution. Fedora has also been installed and tested on POWER5 and POWER6 machines.
  • Fedora 11 支​持 pSeries 和 Cell 宽​带​引​擎​机​。​
  • Fedora 11 还​支​持 Sony 的 PlayStation 3 和 Genesi Pegasos II 以​及 Efika。​
  • Fedora 11 包​含​了​对 P.A. 半​导​体​“​Electra” 机​器​的​新​硬​件​支​持​。​
  • Fedora 11 还​包​括​对 Terrasoft 解​决​方​案​电​源​工​作​站​的​支​持​。​
  • 推​荐​文​本​模​式​:233MHz G3 或​更​佳​,128MiB 内​存​。​
  • 推​荐​图​形​模​式​:400MHz G3 或​更​佳​,256MiB 内​存​。​

1.2.2. x86 构​架​的​处​理​器​和​内​存​要​求​

The following CPU specifications are stated in terms of Intel processors. Other processors, such as those from AMD, Cyrix, and VIA that are compatible with and equivalent to the following Intel processors, may also be used with Fedora. Fedora 11 requires an Intel Pentium or better processor, and is optimized for Pentium 4 and later processors.
  • 推​荐​使​用​文​本​模​式​:200 MHz 奔​腾​级​或​以​上​
  • 使​用​图​形​模​式​推​荐​:400 MHz 奔​腾 II 处​理​器​或​以​上​。​
  • 文​本​模​式​的​最​小 RAM:128MiB
  • 图​形​模​式​的​最​小 RAM:192MiB
  • 图​形​模​式​推​荐 RAM:256MiB

1.2.3. x86_64 构​架​的​处​理​器​和​内​存​要​求​

  • 文​本​模​式​最​小 RAM:256MiB
  • 图​形​模​式​最​小 RAM:384MiB
  • 图​形​模​式​推​荐 RAM:512MiB

1.2.4. 所​有​构​架​的​硬​盘​空​间​要​求​

The complete packages can occupy over 9 GB of disk space. Final size is entirely determined by the installing spin and the packages selected during installation. Additional disk space is required during installation to support the installation environment. This additional disk space corresponds to the size of /Fedora/base/stage2.img (on Installation Disc 1) plus the size of the files in /var/lib/rpm on the installed system.
在​实​际​操​作​中​,最​小​安​装​需​要 90MiB 附​加​的​空​间​,而​完​全​安​装​需​要 175MiB 附​加​的​空​间​。​
除​此​之​外​,还​需​要​额​外​的​存​储​空​间​存​放​用​户​数​据​。​还​应​保​留​至​少 5% 空​闲​空​间​为​系​统​正​常​运​作​所​用​。​

1.3. 欢​迎​使​用 Fedora

Fedora 是​基​于 Linux 的​操​作​系​统​,包​含​最​新​的​自​由​开​源​软​件​。​任​何​人​都​可​用​永​远​免​费​使​用​、​修​改​和​发​布 Fedora。​它​是​由​全​球​社​区​(Fedora 项​目​)人​员​创​建​。​Fedora 项​目​是​一​个​开​放​项​目​并​欢​迎​任​何​人​加​入​。​Fedora 项​目​是​一​个​领​先​的​项​目​,引​领​自​由​开​放​软​件​和​组​件​的​最​新​成​果​。​

注意

请​访​问​http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/来​了​解​Fedora最​新​的​发​行​注​记​,特​别​是​在​您​要​升​级​的​时​候​。​如​果​您​打​算​从​上​个​版​本​之​前​的​Fedora发​行​版​升​级​系​统​时​,您​还​需​要​参​考​那​个​版​本​的​发​行​注​记​来​了​解​更​多​信​息​。​
You can help the Fedora Project community continue to improve Fedora if you file bug reports and enhancement requests. Refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs_and_feature_requests for more information about bug and feature reporting. Thank you for your participation.
想​知​道​更​多 Fedora 的​信​息​,请​访​问​下​列​页​面​:

1.4. 反​馈​

感​谢​您​花​时​间​向 Fedora 社​区​提​出​评​论​、​建​议​和​错​误​报​告​。​这​样​可​以​帮​助​我​们​提​高 Fedora、​Linux 以​及​全​球​自​由​软​件​的​状​况​。​

1.4.1. 提​供 Fedora 软​件​反​馈​

要​提​交​关​于 Fedora 软​件​或​其​他​系​统​元​素​的​反​馈​,请​参​考 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs_and_feature_requests。​一​般​报​告​的 bug 列​表​以​及​这​个​发​行​本​的​已​知​问​题​请​参​考 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Common_F11_bugs。​

1.4.2. 提​供​发​行​注​记​反​馈​

如​果​您​认​为​可​以​以​某​种​方​式​改​进​发​行​注​记​,可​以​直​接​向​作​者​提​交​反​馈​。​这​里​列​出​了​多​条​反​馈​的​途​径​,按​首​选​排​序​:

2. 安​装​备​注​

注意

To learn how to install Fedora, refer to http://docs.fedoraproject.org/install-guide/. If you encounter a problem or have a question during installation that is not covered in these release notes, refer to http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/FAQ and http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs/Common.
Anaconda 是 Fedora 安​装​程​序​的​名​称​。​这​部​分​概​括​了​与 Anaconda 和​安​装 Fedora 11 相​关​的​问​题​。​

2.1. 以​文​本​模​式​安​装​

注意

我​们​建​议​您​使​用​图​形​化​安​装​模​式​来​安​装​Fedora。​如​果​您​要​在​没​有​显​示​的​系​统​上​安​装​Fedora,请​考​虑​通​过​VNC连​接​来​进​行​(见​Fedora 11安​装​向​导​的​"第​12章 通​过​VNC安​装​")。​如​果​您​的​计​算​机​有​图​形​显​示​设​备​,但​是​图​形​化​安​装​失​败​,请​尝​试​启​动​时​加​上​xdriver=vesa选​项​(见​Fedora 11安​装​向​导​的​"第​9章​. 启​动​选​项​")或​者​从​Fedora 11发​行​版​DVD启​动​时​使​用​Install system with basic video driver选​项​。​
Fedora 11的​字​符​安​装​模​式​与​以​前​版​本​相​比​做​了​很​大​的​精​简​。​字​符​安​装​模​式​省​略​了​以​前​版​本​安​装​过​程​中​复​杂​的​步​骤​并​给​您​整​洁​和​简​单​的​安​装​体​验​。​
这​些​步​骤​在​字​符​模​式​中​自​动​完​成​:
软​件​包​选​择​
Anaconda只​从​base和​core组​中​自​动​选​择​包​。​这​些​包​足​以​保​证​安​装​结​束​后​系​统​可​以​操​作​,并​准​备​安​装​更​新​和​新​包​。​
高​级​分​区​
Anaconda仍​会​显​示​初​始​化​屏​幕​以​允​许​您​指​定​anaconda将​Fedora安​装​在​您​计​算​机​的​什​么​地​方​。​您​可​以​选​择​使​用​整​个​驱​动​器​,删​除​已​有​Linux分​区​或​使​用​驱​动​器​空​闲​空​间​。​然​而​anaconda现​在​将​自​动​设​置​分​区​方​案​并​且​不​会​让​您​在​此​基​本​方​案​上​添​加​或​删​除​分​区​或​文​件​系​统​。​如​果​您​需​要​安​装​时​使​用​自​定​义​方​案​,您​应​该​通​过​VNC连​接​运​行​图​形​化​安​装​或​者​使​用​Kickstart安​装​。​像​逻​辑​卷​管​理​(LVM),文​件​系​统​加​密​和​可​调​文​件​系​统​等​高​级​选​项​只​会​在​图​形​化​安​装​和​kickstart中​出​现​。​
引​导​装​载​程​序​配​置​
Anaconda 现​在​可​自​动​执​行​引​导​装​载​程​序​配​置​。​

2.1.1. 在​文​本​模​式​中​的 Kickstart 安​装​

使​用​kickstart字​符​模​式​安​装​跟​以​前​版​本​一​样​。​然​而​由​于​字​符​模​式​中​包​选​择​,高​级​分​区​以​及​引​导​器​设​置​均​自​动​配​置​,因​此​anaconda不​能​为​您​显​示​这​些​步​骤​所​需​的​信​息​。​因​此​您​必​须​确​保​kickstart文​件​包​括​了​包​,分​区​及​引​导​器​配​置​。​如​果​这​些​信​息​缺​失​,anaconda将​显​示​错​误​信​息​并​退​出​。​

2.2. 升​级​备​注​

Upgrading from Fedora 9 directly to Fedora 11 using yum is not possible, you must upgrade to Fedora 10 first, then upgrade to Fedora 11. See http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/YumUpgradeFaq for more information. You can also use preupgrade to upgrade directly to Fedora 11 using anaconda, minimizing the system downtime by downloading the packages in advance.
升​级​过​程​中​一​些​修​改​的​配​置​文​件​将​被​它​们​的​原​始​版​本​所​代​替​。​您​修​改​的​配​置​文​件​会​保​存​为​*.rpmsave。​

2.3. 引​导​菜​单​

Fedora 发​行​版 DVD新​增​了​一​个​启​动​菜​单​:Install system with basic video driver。​此​选​项​使​用​通​用​vesa驱​动​启​动​系​统​(使​用​xdriver=vesa启​动​选​项​)并​能​够​在​anaconda无​法​加​载​正​确​的​显​卡​驱​动​时​仍​可​以​使​用​Fedora的​图​形​化​安​装​模​式​。​

2.4. 更​新​的 boot.iso

The Fedora installation CDs and DVD provide you with an image file, boot.iso, that you can burn to a CD and use to boot a system and start the installation process. Typically, you would do this prior to installing Fedora from a local hard drive or from a location on a network. You can now use the CD produced from the boot.iso image to start installation on a system that uses Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI). CDs produced from older versions of boot.iso only worked with systems that used Basic Input Output System (BIOS).

3. 特​定​构​架​注​记​

本​节​包​含​在​特​定​硬​件​平​台​上​运​行 Fedora 所​需​要​的​信​息​。​

3.1. Fedora 特​定​的 x86

默​认​情​况​下​,PAE内​核​用​在​32位​硬​件​下​,因​为​可​以​被​硬​件​支​持​。​

4. 对​桌​面​用​户​来​说 Fedora 的​改​动​

4.1. Fedora 桌​面​

4.1.1. Login Changes

The GDM login screen now handles fingerprint and smartcard authentication differently. Instead of processing fingerprint, smartcard and password authentication in sequence, the login screen accepts all forms of authentication at the same time.
For details about those changes refer to MultiplePAMStacksInGDM on the wiki.
未​使​用​验​证​配​置​工​具​而​手​动​修​改​/etc/pam.d/system-auth文​件​的​用​户​升​级​时​可​能​会​受​此​变​更​影​响​。​根​据​修​改​的​情​况​,需​要​在​/etc/pam.d/password-auth/etc/pam.d/fingerprint-auth或​/etc/pam.d/smartcard-auth文​件​中​添​加​类​似​的​修​改​。​

4.1.2. GNOME

Gnome-panel
以​前​可​以​通​过​单​击​gnome-面​板​然​后​用​鼠​标​拖​拽​把​gnome-面​板​从​桌​面​的​一​个​位​置​挪​到​另​一​个​位​置​。​现​在​则​必​须​在​移​动​gnome-面​板​时​按​住​一​个​键​。​默​认​是​Alt键​,但​用​户​可​以​使​用​窗​口​偏​好​设​置​工​具​(System >Preferences >Windows)将​其​修​改​为​其​它​的​键​。​
这​个​操​作​方​式​上​的​变​化​极​大​的​降​低​了​用​户​无​意​移​动​面​板​的​可​能​性​,并​且​使​得​移​动​gnome-面​板​的​方​式​与​移​动​GNOME窗​口​相​同​。​
蓝​牙​
gnome-bluetooth替​代​了​bluez-gnome蓝​牙​管​理​工​具​。​这​个​工​具​可​以​帮​助​笔​记​本​电​脑​更​容​易​地​切​换​蓝​牙​开​/关​状​态​,而​且​使​新​设​备​安​装​更​加​容​易​,同​时​增​强​了​连​接​输​入​设​备​和​音​频​设​备​的​能​力​。​
ObexFTP 代​码​查​看​开​始​支​持​完​全​写​入​,同​时​增​加​了​对​Wacom Bluetooth tablet的​支​持​。​
蓝​牙​音​频​支​持​做​为​技​术​预​览​集​成​到​了​gnome-bluetooth和​pulseaudio中​。​
禁​止​Root用​户​使​用​GNOME显​示​管​理​器​
从​Fedora 10开​始​就​已​默​认​禁​止​了​Root用​户​使​用​GNOME显​示​管​理​器​(GDM)。​我​们​强​烈​建​议​您​不​要​使​用​root用​户​登​录​,仅​用​su -c或​sudo来​运​行​需​要​root权​限​的​命​令​。​如​果​您​还​是​想​取​消​此​设​置​,请​参​考​ http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Enabling_Root_User_For_GNOME_Display_Manager 。​

4.1.3. KDE

本​发​行​版​使​用​KDE 4.2.2。​包​括​了​运​行​KDE 3的​程​序​的​KDE 3.5.10兼​容​库​。​
KDE 4.2是​KDE 4的​最​新​版​本​,较​4.0和​4.1又​提​供​了​一​些​新​特​性​。​KDE 4.2.2修​正​了​KDE 4.2的​bug。​
Fedora 11 包​括​网​络​管​理​程​序 plasmoid kde-plasma-knetworkmanager 快​照​, 它​替​换​了 Fedora 10 中​的 KDE 3 NetworkManager 快​照​。​因​为​还​没​有​准​备​好​在​产​品​中​使​用​,KDE Live 映​像​使​用 NetworkManager-gnome 中​的 nm-applet(与​在 Fedora 8 、​9 和 10 中​的​一​样​)。 gnome-keyring-daemon 工​具​为 nm-applet 保​存​密​码​。​如​果​您​要​试​用 kde-plasma-networkmanagement,可​从​程​序​库​中​安​装​它​。​
软​件​更​新​(PackageKit)
kpackagekit (自​Fedora 10开​始​)为​KDE的​默​认​更​新​程​序​,gnome-packagekit将​不​再​用​于​KDE(Fedora 11开​始​)。​这​就​避​免​了​两​个​更​新​程​序​试​图​同​时​运​行​的​情​况​。​Fedora 9和​10下​在​KDE中​使​用​gnome-packagekit的​用​户​在​升​级​到​Fedora 11时​应​该​安​装​kpackagekit。​
桌​面​效​果​
KDE 4.2增​强​了​对​KDE窗​口​管​理​器​KWin下​桌​面​特​效​的​支​持​,它​们​会​更​可​靠​,有​更​多​效​果​,而​且​也​有​出​自​Compiz的​著​名​的​Cube效​果​。​然​而​为​了​稳​定​和​可​靠​性​的​考​虑​,Fedora中​默​认​仍​然​不​开​启​桌​面​特​效​。​可​在​系​统​设​置​里​启​用​它​。​
KDE中​也​有​可​能​使​用​Compiz。​可​通​过​源​安​装​compiz-kde包​来​安​装​。​但​是​请​注​意​KDE 4中​在​KWin中​启​用​桌​面​特​效​是​更​好​的​方​法​。​
软​件​包​和​应​用​程​序​更​改​
  • kde-plasma-networkmanagement代​替​了​knetworkmanager。​同​时​也​做​为​Fedora 10的​更​新​提​供​,但​是​Fedora 10中​不​会​替​代​knetworkmanager。​请​注​意​NetworkManager-gnome中​的​nm-applet仍​将​是​Fedora 11上​默​认​的​NetworkManager程​序​。​
  • 新​的​PolicyKit-kde做​为 PolicyKit的​KDE前​端​。​它​替​代​了​KDE Live CD中​的​PolicyKit-gnome。​它​同​时​提​供​了​认​证​代​理​和​授​权​设​置​编​辑​器​(polkit-kde-authorization)。​
  • KDE 4.2提​供​了​电​源​管​理​服​务​,PowerDevil,是​kdebase-workspace的​一​部​分​,去​除​了​旧​的​kpowersave和​guidance-power-manager。​从​早​期​Fedora版​本​升​级​的​用​户​需​要​将​Battery Status添​加​到​面​板​上​,它​做​为​PowerDevil的​前​端​。​
  • kdeartwork已​拆​分​为​多​个​从​属​包​,从​而​安​装​特​定​的​主​题​包​时​不​需​安​装​大​量​的​壁​纸​和​声​音​。​Fedora 9和​10的​更​新​中​,主​题​包​安​装​时​仍​需​要​安​装​这​些​从​属​包​以​保​证​升​级​路​径​。​Fedora 11中​,这​些​人​工​的​依​赖​已​被​去​除​,因​此​kdeartwork-wallpapers和​kdeartwork-sounds可​以​单​独​安​装​和​卸​载​。​
另​外​,以​下​是 Fedora 10 发​行​版​本​之​后​的​更​改​,已​将​其​回​迁​到 Fedora 10 更​新​,也​是 Fedora 11 的​一​部​分​:
  • 已​将 KDE 从 4.1.2 升​级​到​版​本 4.2.2。​
  • 已​将 qtPyQt4 从 4.4 升​级​到 4.5。​
  • 已​将 phonon 程​序​库​从 4.2 升​级​到 4.3。​
  • 加​入​了​kdepim3兼​容​包​,它​提​供​KDE 3版​本​的​libkcal,再​次​为​taskjuggler提​供​ICal支​持​。​
  • 加​入​了​新​的​从​属​包​kdebase-workspace-googlegadgets来​支​持​Plasma中​的​Goolgle小​工​具​。​
  • 以​前​的​qgtkstyle现​在​是​qt的​一​部​分​。​
  • 软​件​包 kde-plasma-lancelot 现​在​是 kdeplasma-addons 的​一​部​分​。​
  • 新​的​system-config-printer-kde和​kdeutils-printer-applet从​属​包​已​各​自​从​kdeadmin和​kdeutils分​离​。​
  • 为​了​更​好​的​反​应​包​的​内​容​,kdeartwork的​从​属​包​kdeartwork-extras和​kdeartwork-icons分​别​重​命​名​为​kdeartwork-screensavers和​kdeclassic-icon-theme。​
  • Akonadi framework已​用​于​一​些​kdepim程​序​中​。​针​对​它​做​了​一​些​变​化​。
    • akonadi 软​件​包​现​在​需​要 mysql-server 以​便​默​认​配​置​正​常​工​作​。​不​一​定​要​配​置 MySQL 服​务​器​,因​为 Akonadi 为​每​个 mysqld 用​户​事​件​启​动​一​个​默​认​服​务​器​配​置​。​还​可​以​将 Akonadi 设​定​为​使​用​在​系​统​范​围​内​手​动​配​置​或​者​使​用​远​程 MySQL 服​务​器​事​件​,但​这​个​不​是​默​认​设​置​。​
    • 由​于​某​些​kdepimlibs中​的​库​也​用​于​非​PIM程​序​,因​此​将​kdepimlibs-akonadi从​kdepimlibs中​分​离​。​这​样​做​以​后​安​装​这​些​程​序​时​不​需​要​再​安​装​Akonadi和​MySQL。​
  • kde-l10n 支​持​更​多​语​言​。​

4.2. 联​网​

DNSSEC
The bind and unbound (recursive DNS servers) now enable DNSSEC validation in their default configuration. DNSSEC Lookaside Verification (DLV) is also enabled with the dlv.sc.org DLV Registry. This behavior can be modified in /etc/sysconfig/dnssec by changing the DNSSEC and DLV settings.
With DNSSEC enabled, when a domain supplies DNSSEC data (such as .gov, .se, the ENUM zone and other TLD's) then that data will be cryptographically validated on the recursive DNS server. If validation fails due to attempts at cache poisoning, for example via a Kaminsky Attack, then the end user will not be given this forged/spoofed data. DNSSEC deployment is gaining speed rapidly, and is a crucial and logical step to make the Internet more secure for end users. DLV is used to add DNSSEC signed domains into TLD's that themselves are not yet signed, such as .com and .org.
TigerVNC
TigerVNC is used as default VNC project. Package names were changed to tigervnc, tigervnc-server and tigervnc-server-module. Binary names are the same as in previous versions. The libvnc.so module has been moved to the tigervnc-server-module subpackage. Otherwise there should be no difference.

4.3. 正​在​打​印​

In this release, system-config-printer uses PolicyKit to control access to restricted CUPS functionality. The following functions are controlled via PolicyKit policies currently:
  • add/remove/edit 本​地​打​印​机​
  • add/remove/edit 远​程​打​印​机​
  • add/remove/edit 类​别​
  • enable/disable 打​印​机​
  • 将​打​印​机​设​置​成​默​认​打​印​机​
  • get/set 服​务​器​设​置​
  • restart/cancel/edit 由​另​一​个​用​户​拥​有​的​任​务​
  • restart/cancel/edit 一​个​任​务​

4.4. 国​际​语​言​支​持​

这​一​节​包​含 Fedora 中​多​语​种​支​持​相​关​的​信​息​。

4.4.1. 语​言​覆​盖​

Fedora 中​有​各​种​翻​译​成​多​种​语​言​的​软​件​。​语​言​列​表​请​参​考 Anaconda 模​块​翻​译​统​计​,它​是 Fedora 的​核​心​软​件​应​用​程​序​之​一​。
4.4.1.1. 语​言​支​持​安​装​
To install language packs and additional language support from the Languages group, run this command:
          su -c 'yum groupinstall <language>-support'
In the command above, <language> is one of assamese, bengali, chinese, gujarati, hindi, japanese, kannada, korean, malayalam, marathi, oriya, punjabi, sinhala, tamil, telegu, thai, and so on.
4.4.1.2. 在​线​翻​译​
Fedora 采​用 Transifex 在​线​工​具​帮​助​众​多​翻​译​人​员​在 Fedora 托​管​的​以​及​其​它​上​游​项​目​中​贡​献​其​翻​译​成​果​。​
Using the online web tool, translators can contribute directly to any registered upstream project through one translator-oriented web interface. Developers of projects with no existing translation community can easily reach out to Fedora's established community for translations. In turn, translators can reach out to numerous projects related to Fedora to easily contribute translations.

4.4.2. 字​体​

默​认​在​桌​面​中​安​装​大​多​数​语​言​的​字​体​,这​保​证​了​较​好​的​默​认​语​言​覆​盖​。​
4.4.2.1. 默​认​汉​族​统​一​语​言​
When GTK-based applications are not running in a Chinese, Japanese, or Korean (CJK) locale, Chinese characters (that is, Chinese Hanzi, Japanese Kanji, or Korean Hanja) may render with a mixture of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean fonts depending on the text. This happens when Pango does not have sufficient context to know which language is being used, due to the Han unification in Unicode. The current default font configuration seems to prefer Chinese fonts. If you normally want to use Japanese or Korean say, you can tell Pango to use it by default by setting the PANGO_LANGUAGE environment variable. For example...
          export PANGO_LANGUAGE=ja
...tells Pango rendering to assume Japanese text when it has no other indications.
4.4.2.2. 日​语​
已​经​将 fonts-japanese 软​件​包​重​新​命​名​为 japanese-bitmap-fonts。​
4.4.2.3. 高​棉​语​
已​经​将​高​棉​语​操​作​系​统​字​体 khmeros-fonts 添​加​到 Fedora 中​以​便​在​这​个​发​行​本​中​覆​盖​高​棉​语​。​
4.4.2.4. 韩​语​
The un-core-fonts packages replaces baekmuk-ttf-fonts as the new Hangul default fonts.un-extra-fonts packages have been added.
4.4.2.5. 完​整​变​更​列​表​
All fonts changes are listed on their dedicated page: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Fonts_inclusion_history#F11

注意

Fonts in Fedora: The Fonts SIG takes loving care of Fedora fonts. Please join this special interest group if you are interested in creating, improving, packaging, or just suggesting a font. Any help will be appreciated.

4.4.3. 输​入​法​

The yum group called input-methods (Input Methods) is installed by default providing standard input methods for many languages. This allows turning on the default input method system and immediately having the standard input methods for most languages available.
4.4.3.1. iBus
Fedora 11 includes iBus, a new input method system that has been developed to overcome some of the architectural limitations of SCIM. http://code.google.com/p/ibus
It provides a number of input method engines and immodules:
  • ibus-anthy (Japanese)
  • ibus-chewing (Traditional Chinese)
  • ibus-gtk (GTK+ immodule)
  • ibus-hangul (Korean)
  • ibus-m17n (Indic and many other languages)
  • ibus-pinyin (Simplified Chinese)
  • ibus-qt (Qt immodule)
  • ibus-rawcode (Unicode code)
  • ibus-sayura (Sinhala)
  • ibus-table (Chinese, etc.)
The first time iBus is run it may be to choose which input method engines are needed in the Preferences if there is not a default Input Method available for your native desktop language.
We encourage people upgrading from earlier releases to install iBus, turn it on with im-chooser, and test it for their language, and report any problems in Bugzilla.
The following hotkeys are available by default:
Language Hotkey
general Control + Space
Japanese Zenkaku_Hankaku; Alt+`; Alt+Zenkaku_Hankaku
Korean Hangul; Alt+Alt_R+Release
表 1. Hotkeys

These are all defined by default for convenience: individual users may prefer to remove some of them and also add their own ibus hotkeys in ibus-setup.
4.4.3.2. im-chooser 和 imsettings
Input methods only start by default on desktops running in an Asian locale (specifically for the following locale: as, bn, gu, hi, ja, kn, ko, ml, mr, ne, or, pa, si, ta, te, th, ur, vi, zh). Use im-chooser via System > Preferences > Personal > Input Method to enable or disable input method usage on your desktop at any time with imsettings.
根​据​输​入​法​设​置​框​架​,默​认​将​不​再​需​要​GTK_IM_MODULE环​境​变​量​。​
4.4.3.3. 印​度​语​屏​显​键​盘​
iok is an onscreen virtual keyboard for Indian languages, which allows input using Inscript keymap layouts and other 1:1 key mappings. For more information refer to the homepage: https://fedorahosted.org/iok

4.4.4. XIM support in GTK+

XIM immodule isn't installed by default anymore. if you want to use XIM on GTK+ applications, you need to install the gtk2-immodules package.

4.4.5. 印​度​语​系​印​刷​支​持​

Fedora 11 includes sorting support for Indic languages. This support fixes listing and order of menus in these languages, representing them in sorted order and making it easy to find desired elements. These languages are covered by this support:
  • 古​吉​拉​特​语​
  • 印​地​语​
  • 埃​纳​德​语​
  • 喀​什​米​尔​语​
  • Konkani
  • 迈​蒂​利​语​
  • 马​拉​提​语​
  • 尼​泊​尔​语​
  • 旁​遮​普​语​
  • 信​德​语​
  • 特​拉​古​语​
  • Sinhala
  • Malayalam

4.5. Multimedia

Freedom
Fedora 11 ships with support for Ogg Vorbis, Theora, FLAC, and Speex, giving you the freedom to watch or listen to your media in a free format. Not only are they all open source but no codec that ships with Fedora contains any harmful patents or licensing fees.
MP3 和 Flash
Because of patent issues Fedora can not ship with an MP3 decoder, however if you are unable to convert to a patent free codec, such as Ogg Vorbis, Fluendo offers an MP3 decoder that follows all legal requirements set by the patent holder. Visit Fluendo's website (http://www.fluendo.com/) for more information.
Abode's Flash player is proprietary software and Fedora recommends installing either swfdec or gnash from the repositories.
卷​控​制​
An updated volume control manager application provides you with more control over your audio preferences. Better integrated with PulseAudio, you can now control individual application inputs and outputs along with the sources and destinations for the audio.
With the removal of the gstreamer based volume applet, you may be left without an obvious way to adjust ALSA sound levels after an upgrade. If they are set too low, raising the PulseAudio sound levels may not work acceptably. To solve this issue, install alsa-utils and run alsamixer -c0 from a shell prompt. To access the recording channels rather than the playback channels (for instance, to select which input you wish to record from) run alsamixer -c0 -Vcapture. The alsamixer program has a curses text-based user interface to adjust sound levels for ALSA devices. Once alsamixer is running, get help by typing a question mark.

How to report this problem

If you encounter the volume problem, please file a bug to help us fix your sound card drivers or PulseAudio. Once the appropriate code is fixed, the simple volume control application will properly adjust your volume in the future. Visit the blocker bug at https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=497966#c1 and read the instructions, then file a new bug using the pre-filled template at http://tinyurl.com/c9syun. Remember to add details as requested in the blocker bug.
有​关​详​情​请​参​考 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Multimedia。​

4.6. 游​戏​和​娱​乐​

已​将 Battle for Wesnothwesnoth)更​新​至​新​的 1.6 发​行​本​。​

4.7. Fedora Live 映​像​

The Games Spin provides a Live DVD with a sampling of the best games available in Fedora.
For electronic designers, the Fedora Electronic Lab spin provides a complete toolchain for IC designers.
The Fedora Spins SIG (http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SIGs/Spins) is continuously developing specialized Live images for specific purposes.

5. 对​系​统​管​理​员​来​说 Fedora 的​改​动​

5.1. Fedora 11 引​导​时​

为​了​减​少​引​导​时​间​,删​除​了 setroubleshootd 守​护​进​程​和​几​个​小​的​瓶​颈​。​将 I/O 优​先​权​设​定​为 low 可​除​去​预​先​读​取​服​务​造​成​的​倒​退​。​现​在​,readahead 每​次​在 RPM 数​据​库​有​变​动​时​重​新​描​述​系​统​。​

5.1.1. 禁​用​图​形​化​引​导​(Plymouth)

When troubleshooting problems with graphical boot, one step is to disable the kernel mode setting feature.
Adding nomodeset to the kernel boot prompt in grub disables modesetting. This can be specified during normal boot by entering the GRUB menu and appending nomodeset to the line that begins kernel /vmlinuz.... It can be disabled in configuration by adding the nomodeset option to the same line in /etc/grub.conf.
如​果​您​在​图​形​化​引​导​上​有​问​题​,请​到​plymouth组​件​下​的​https://bugzilla.redhat.com/enter_bug.cgi?product=Fedora提​交​bug或​者​为​已​有​的​bug上​添​加​评​论​。​

5.2. 安​全​性​

这​一​章​记​述 Fedora 的​各​种​安​全​性​项​目​。​

5.2.1. 指​纹​读​取​器​

指​纹​识​别​已​更​好​地​集​成​在​Fedora 11中​。​GNOME用​户​可​以​通​过​gnome-about-me轻​松​设​置​指​纹​验​证​,并​能​够​在​gdm和​gnome-screensaver登​录​时​使​用​。​

5.2.2. 系​统​安​全​性​服​务​守​护​进​程​

The SSSD is intended to provide several key feature enhancements to Fedora. The first being the addition of offline caching for network credentials. Authentication through the SSSD will potentially allow LDAP, NIS, and FreeIPA services to provide an offline mode, to ease the use of centrally managing laptop users.
The LDAP features will also add support for connection pooling. All communication to the ldap server will happen over a single persistent connection, reducing the overhead of opening a new socket for each request. The SSSD will also add support for multiple LDAP/NIS domains. It will be possible to connect to two or more LDAP/NIS servers acting as separate user namespaces.

5.2.3. SHA-2 支​持​

Fedora now uses the SHA-256 digest algorithm for data verification and authentication in more places than before, migrating from the weaker SHA-1 and MD5 algorithms. Where possible, the migration was transparent; in other places the default configuration was changed or manual configuration is necessary to use the stronger algorithms. Refer to Hash_algorithm_migration_status on the wiki for application-specific instructions.

5.3. Virtualization

Virtualization in Fedora 11 includes major changes, and new features, that continue to support KVM, Xen, and many other virtual machine platforms.

5.3.1. Improved VNC Authentication for Virtual Machine Management

Fedora 11 introduces the ability to use the SASL protocol for authenticating VNC connection to KVM and QEMU virtual machines. SASL is a pluggable system, allowing many different authentication mechanisms to be configured without changing the application code. The use of SASL, in combination with existing TLS encryption support, will allow clients like vinagre, virt-viewer and virt-manager to securely connect to remote virtual machine consoles hosted on Fedora servers. In environments where Kerberos is deployed, this further allows for secure single sign on to the VNC server. This new authentication capability obsoletes the traditional VNC password scheme which is not sufficiently secure.
For further details refer to the Virtualization VNC Authentication wiki page.

5.3.2. 为​虚​拟​机​改​进​的​图​形​控​制​台​

Previous Fedora virtual guest consoles were limited to a screen resolution of 800x600, and the PS2 mouse pointer operated in relative coordinate mode. This prevented the guest pointer from tracking the local client pointer one for one.
Fedora 11 provides more accurate mouse pointer positioning and higher screen resolutions for virtual machine consoles. Fedora 11 guests default to a screen resolution of at least 1024x768, and are provided with a USB tablet in absolute coordinate mode. This results in a mouse pointer which tracks the local client pointer one for one.
For further details refer to the Improved Graphical Console for Virtual Guests wiki page.

5.3.3. KVM PCI 设​备​分​配​

Fedora 11 expands its virtualization capabilities to include KVM PCI device assignment support. KVM users can now give virtual machines exclusive access to physical PCI devices using Fedora's virtualization tools, including the Virtual Machine Manager application.

注意

硬​件​需​求​:此​特​性​需​要​Intel VT-d或​AMD IOMMU平​台​支​持​。​
进​一​步​资​料​请​参​考 KVM PCI Device Assignment wiki 页​面​。​

5.3.4. KVM和​QEMU合​并​

QEMU provides a processor and system emulator which enables users to launch guest virtual machines of the same architecture as the host machine or of a dramatically different architecture. KVM provides kernel level support for running guests of the same architecture as the host.
QEMU takes advantage of KVM to run guests directly on the hardware without any translation needed by the host, allowing much higher levels of performance.
Fedora 11 includes a merge of the qemu and kvm RPMs. The kvm package is now obsoleted by qemu-system-x86 subpackage of qemu. The merging of the two code bases continues upstream, but the Fedora package maintainers have chosen to merge the packages now in order reduce the maintenance burden and provide better support.
For further details refer to the KVM and QEMU merge wiki page.

5.3.5. sVirt Mandatory Access Control

Fedora 11 integrates SELinux's Mandatory Access Control with virtualization. Virtual machines can now be much more effectively isolated from the host and one another, giving the increased assurance that security flaws cannot be exploited by malicious guests.
For further details refer to the sVirt Mandatory Access Control wiki page.

5.3.6. 其​他​改​进​

Fedora也​包​含​了​下​列​虚​拟​化​改​进​
5.3.6.1. QEMU 更​新​至 0.10.0
QEMU是​一​个​通​用​开​源​仿​真​器​和​模​拟​器​。​
When used as a machine emulator, QEMU can run OSes and programs made for one machine (e.g. an ARM board) on a different machine (e.g. your own PC). By using dynamic translation, it achieves very good performance.
When used as a virtualizer, QEMU achieves near native performance by executing the guest code directly on the host CPU. A host driver called the QEMU accelerator (also known as KQEMU) is needed in this case. The virtualizer mode requires that both the host and guest machine use x86 compatible processors.
New features and improvements since 0.9.1:
  • TCG 支​持 - 不​再​需​要 GCC 3.x
  • 内​核​虚​拟​机​加​速​支​持​
  • BS 用​户​空​间​仿​真​
  • Bluetooth emulation and host passthrough support
  • GDB XML register description support
  • Intel e1000 仿​真​
  • HPET 仿​真​
  • VirtIO 半​虚​拟​设​备​支​持​
  • Marvell 88w8618 / MusicPal 仿​真​
  • Nokia N-series tablet emulation / OMAP2 processor emulation
  • PCI 热​插​拔​支​持​
  • Live 迁​移​和​新​的​保​存​/恢​复​格​式​
  • 光​标​显​示​支​持​
  • qemu-nbd utility to mount supported block formats
  • Altivec support in PPC emulation and new firmware (OpenBIOS)
  • 现​已​支​持​多​个​VNC客​户​端​。​
  • VNC现​支​持​TLS加​密​
  • 很​多​、​很​多 bug 修​复​和​新​特​性​
进​一​步​资​料​请​参​考​:http://www.nongnu.org/qemu/about.html
5.3.6.2. KVM 更​新​至 84
KVM (for Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is a full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware.
Using KVM, one can run multiple virtual machines running unmodified Linux or Windows images. Each virtual machine has private virtualized hardware: a network card, disk, graphics adapter, etc.
New features and improvements since 74 - For further details refer to: http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/ChangeLog
5.3.6.3. libvirt 更​新​至 0.6.1
The libvirt package provides an API and tools to interact with the virtualization capabilities of recent versions of Linux (and other OSes). The libvirt software is designed to be a common denominator among all virtualization technologies with support for the following:
  • Linux 和 Solaris 主​机​中​的 Xen 监​控​程​序​。​
  • QEMU 仿​真​程​序​
  • KVM Linux 监​控​程​序​
  • LXC Linux 容​器​系​统​
  • OpenVZ Linux 容​器​系​统​
  • IDE/SCSI/USB 磁​盘​、​光​纤​、​LVM、​iSCSI 以​及 NFS 中​的​存​储​
0.4.6 之​后​的​新​特​性​及​改​进​:
  • New APIs for node device detach reattach and reset
  • sVirt强​制​访​问​控​制​支​持​
  • thread safety of the API and event handling
  • allow QEMU domains to survive daemon restart
  • extended logging capabilities
  • support copy-on-write storage volumes
  • support of storage cache control options for QEMU/KVM
  • driver infrastructure and locking
  • test driver infrastructure
  • parallelism in the daemon and associated configuration
  • virsh help cleanups
  • logrotate 守​护​进​程​日​志​
  • 更​多​回​归​测​试​
  • QEMU SDL graphics
  • 在​守​护​进​程​中​添​加 --version 标​签​
  • 内​存​消​耗​清​理​
  • QEMU pid file and XML states for daemon restart
  • gnulib 更​新​
  • PCI passthrough for KVM
  • generic internal thread API
  • RHEL-5 specific Xen configure option and code
  • save domain state as string in status file
  • add locking to all API entry points
  • new ref counting APIs
  • Xen 桥​接​的 IP 地​址​
  • 磁​盘​文​件​类​型​的​驱​动​程​序​格​式​
  • improve QEMU/KVM tun/tap performances
  • enable floppies for Xen fully virt
  • support VNC password settings for QEMU/KVM
  • QEMU driver version reporting
There were also dozens of cleanups, documentation enhancements, portability and bug fixes. For further details refer to: http://www.libvirt.org/news.html
5.3.6.4. virt-manager 更​新​至 0.7.0
The virt-manager package provides a GUI implementation of virtinst and libvirt functionality.
0.6.0 之​后​的​新​特​性​及​改​进​:
  • 重​新​设​计​的​‘​新​虚​拟​机​’​向​导​
  • Option to remove storage when deleting a virtual machine
  • File browser for libvirt storage pools and volumes, for use when attaching storage to a new or existing guest
  • Physical device assignment (PCI, USB) for existing virtual machines
  • VM 磁​盘​和​物​理​统​计​报​告​
  • VM 迁​移​支​持​
  • 支​持​在​现​有 VM 中​添​加​声​音​设​备​
  • Enumerate host devices attached to an existing VM
  • Allow specifying a device model when adding a network device to an existing VM
  • Combine the serial console view with the VM Details window
  • 允​许​连​接​至​多 VM 串​口​控​制​台​
  • Bug 修​复​以​及​很​多​小​改​进​。​
进​一​步​资​料​请​参​考​:http://virt-manager.et.redhat.com/
5.3.6.5. virtinst 更​新​至 0.400.3
python-virtinst 软​件​包​包​含​安​装​以​及​操​作​多 VM 客​户​端​映​像​格​式​的​工​具​。​
0.400.0 之​后​的​新​特​性​及​改​进​:
  • New virt-clone option --original-xml, allows cloning a guest from an XML file, rather than require an existing, defined guest
  • New virt-install option --import, allows creating a guest from an existing disk image, bypassing any OS install phase
  • New virt-install option --host-device, for connecting a physical host device to the guest
  • 允​许​通​过​virt-install --disk选​项​指​定​cache值​
  • virt-install 选​项 --nonetworks
  • 在 vmx 格​式​中​添​加 virt-image 以​便​支​持 virt-convert,替​换 virt-pack
  • Add disk checksum support to virt-image
  • Enhanced URL install support: Debian Xen paravirt, Ubuntu kernel and boot.iso, Mandriva kernel, and Solaris Xen paravirt
  • 扩​展​的​测​试​套​件​
  • 大​量​的​bug修​正​,清​理​及​改​进​
进​一​步​资​料​请​参​考​:http://virt-manager.org/
5.3.6.6. Xen 更​新​至 3.3.1
Fedora 11 supports booting as a domU guest, but will not function as a dom0 host until such support is provided in the upstream kernel. Support for a pv_ops dom0 is targeted for Xen 3.4.
3.3.0 之​后​的​更​改​:
Xen 3.3.1是​3.3的​维​护​版​本​。​
更​多​信​息​,请​参​考​:

5.3.7. Xen 内​核​支​持​

The kernel package in Fedora 11 supports booting as a guest domU, but will not function as a dom0 until such support is provided upstream. Work is ongoing and hopes are high that support will be included in kernel 2.6.30 and Fedora 12.
最​早​可​以​支​持​dom0的​Fedora发​行​版​是​Fedora 8。​
Booting a Xen domU guest within a Fedora 11 host requires the KVM based xenner. Xenner runs the guest kernel and a small Xen emulator together as a KVM guest.

重要

KVM要​求​宿​主​机​系​统​具​有​硬​件​虚​拟​化​功​能​。​目​前​系​统​没​有​硬​件​虚​拟​化​功​能​的​不​支​持 Xen 客​户​端​。​

5.4. 网​页​服​务​器​和​内​容​服​务​器​

Apache
httpd服​务​器​更​新​至​2.2.11。​主​要​是​修​正​了​以​前​的​bug,并​不​需​要​更​改​设​置​。​
WordPress
wordpress包​更​新​到​了​2.7.1。​这​是​一​次​较​大​的​升​级​,包​含​了​一​系​列​的​新​特​性​,如​sticky posts,一​键​插​件​安​装​以​及​comment threading等​等​。​
请​参​考​http://codex.wordpress.org/Version_2.7关​于​Wordpress特​性​的​完​整​信​息​。​
moin
moin is updated to 1.8.2. Users should review the files in /user/share/doc/moin-1.8.2/*. The CHANGES file lists changes, UPDATE describes how to update. README.migration describes how to migrate your existing data.

5.5. 邮​件​服​务​器​

dovecot
Fedora 11 includes version 1.1.11 of the dovecot mail server. This is a bugfix release. For a complete list of changes, refer to http://www.dovecot.org/list/dovecot-news/2009-February/000099.html.

5.6. 数​据​库​服​务​器​

Fedora 包​括 MySQL 和 PostgreSQL 两​个​数​据​库​服​务​器​。​
MySQL
mysql更​新​至​5.1.31。​这​是​自​Fedora 10下​5.0.x版​本​以​来​的​一​次​主​版​本​更​新​。​
您​应​当​测​试​数​据​库​使​用​程​序​来​找​出​可​能​的​不​兼​容​情​况​。​上​游​发​行​注​记​可​在​http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/news-5-1-x.html找​到​。​
如​果​您​要​升​级​装​有​live 5.0.x MySQL数​据​库​的​Fedora 10时​,请​不​要​忘​记​在​软​件​是​升​级​结​束​后​运​行​mysql_upgrade。​有​报​道​称​如​果​5.0.x版​是​从​更​早​的​版​本​升​级​的​,并​且​当​时​没​有​运​行​mysql_upgrade,那​么​这​次​更​新​也​可​能​会​失​败​。​如​果​您​的​数​据​库​属​于​这​种​情​况​,那​么​升​级​前​在​Fedora 10上​运​行​mysql_upgrade是​个​慎​重​的​做​法​。​(当​然​如​果​数​据​库​内​容​很​重​要​的​话​,您​也​应​该​进​行​备​份​。​)
PostgreSQL
Fedora 11 includes version 8.3.7 of postgreSQL. A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.3.X. However, it is recommended to REINDEX all GiST indexes after the upgrade. If your Fedora 9 or 10 installation is up to date, there will be no change.

5.7. 文​件​服​务​器​

vsftpd
Fedora 11使​用​了​vsftpd 2.1.0。​此​更​新​添​加​了​增​强​SSL支​持​并​做​了​很​多​修​正​。​详​细​的​变​更​日​志​可​见​ftp://vsftpd.beasts.org/users/cevans/untar/vsftpd-2.1.0/Changelog。​

5.8. Samba(Windows 兼​容​性​)

这​一​节​包​含​与 Samba 相​关​的​信​息​,Samba 是 Fedora 用​来​与 Microsoft Windows 系​统​互​动​的​软​件​套​件​。​
samba
samba 3.3.1 is the latest bugfix release for Samba. Major enhancements in Samba 3.3.1 include:
  • Fix net ads join when "ldap ssl = start tls".
  • Fix renaming/deleting of files using Windows clients.
  • Fix renaming/deleting a "not matching/resolving" symlink.
  • Fix remotely adding a share via the Windows MMC.
system-config-samba
已​将 system-config-samba 更​新​至​版​本 1.2.71。​

5.9. 系​统​守​护​进​程​

电​源​管​理​
In order to allow users to monitor the behavior of their systems and to improve power consumption in general, several improvements were done for Fedora 11:
  • Provide two new systemtap scripts to monitor disk and network activity of running applications
  • Add a workload framework package called BLTK to offer reproducible tests
  • Improved applications to reduce unnecessary disk and/or network activity
  • Enabled several new features to save power:
    • relatime option for root file system
    • Automated start/stop of services related to hardware
    • Enable USB autosuspend for known working devices
    • Add optional tuned service to dynamically adapt system settings to the current use
Users of Fedora 11 should therefore see a reduction in power usage of their system.
pm-utils
The pm-utils power management utilities have been updated to 1.2.4. Some improvements have been made in logging and configuration.
mdadm
mdadm has been updated to 3.0. The significant change which justifies the new major version number is that mdadm can now handle metadata updates entirely in userspace. This allows mdadm to support metadata formats that the kernel knows nothing about.
Currently two such metadata formats are supported:
  • DDF - The SNIA standard format.
  • Intel Matrix - The metadata used by recent Intel ICH controllers.
Also the approach to device names has changed significantly.
ntfs-3g
ntfs-3g has been updated to 2009.2.1 (from 1.5012). There are many changes in this new driver; see the upstream's release history at http://www.ntfs-3g.org/releases.html for complete details.
pm-utils
The pm-utils power management utilities have been updated to 1.2.4. Some improvements have been made in logging and configuration.

5.10. File Systems

5.10.1. Ext4 - 默​认​文​件​系​统​

Fedora 11 utilizes ext4 as the default file system. ext4 brings significant new features and performance enhancements including:
  • 文​件​系​统​和​大​小​的​改​进
    • 将​文​件​系​统​大​小​增​加​至 1 艾​字​节​(1 EiB)
    • 文​件​大​小​限​制​为 16 TiB
    • 没​有​子​目​录​数​量​限​制​
  • 性​能
    • Extents increase performance in certain situations, especially large files
    • Multiblock allocation is a new file block allocation method with faster write speed
    • These combine with delayed allocation of blocks for better performance and fragmentation
5.10.1.1. 缓​冲​的​数​据​丢​失​缓​和​
The recent news about buffered data loss experienced during a system crash with ext4 has resulted in upstream, and thus F11, flushing file data on a truncate or rename to mitigate this issue.
5.10.1.2. 从 ext3 迁​移​到 ext4
It is generally recommended that users wishing to make use of ext4 start with a freshly formatted partition. However you may install with the ext4migrate boot option if you wish to convert your legacy ext3 partitions to ext4. Users are cautioned that they will not realize many of the benefits ext4 since the data currently residing on the partition will not make use of extents. New data will make use of extents. Please note that as suggested by the requirement to pass a boot option that migration to ext4 has not been heavily tested and users are urged to backup filesystems before attempting migration
5.10.1.3. 无 grub 支​持​
目​前 grub 不​支​持​从 ext 4 分​区​引​导​,因​此​请​确​定 /boot 使​用 ext2/3。​

5.10.2. btrfs - 下​一​代 Linux 文​件​系​统​

Fedora 11 makes btrfs, the next-generation Linux filesystem available as a technology preview. To enable btrfs pass icantbelieveitsnotbtr as a boot option. Users are warned that btrfs is still experimental and under heavy development. The on-disk format may yet change and much functionality is still missing such as a fully operative fsck or even proper out-of-space handling.
5.10.2.1. 无 grub 支​持​
目​前 grub 不​支​持​从 ext 4 分​区​引​导​,因​此​请​确​定 /boot 使​用 ext2/3。​

5.11. X 窗​口​系​统​(图​形​)

This section contains information related to the X Window System implementation, Xorg, provided with Fedora.

5.11.1. X 服​务​器​

The key combination Ctrl+Alt+Backspace to kill the X server has been removed from the default XKB maps. To restore it, you must enable the xkb option terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp. From the main menu, select System > Preferences > Keyboard. In the Keyboard Preferences dialog, select the Layout tab, then select Layout Options. Select Key sequence to kill the X server and then tick the checkbox for Control + Alt + Backspace.
Alternatively, run the following command to enable the key combination temporarily:
setxkbmap -option "terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp"
The package fedora-setup-keyboard automatically merges this XKB option at X server startup, making the Control + Alt + Backspace key combination functional in gdm, or if the server is started without the GNOME desktop environment. It is deactivated once GNOME applies the user-configured keyboard layout unless the user has enabled it in the preferences menu as detailed above.

5.11.2. 第​三​方​的​显​卡​驱​动​程​序​

有​关​使​用​第​三​方​显​卡​驱​动​程​序​的​详​情​请​参​考 Xorg 第​三​方​驱​动​程​序​页​面​:http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Xorg/3rdPartyVideoDrivers

5.12. HA 群​集​构​架​

这​部​分​突​出​了​对 Fedora 10 中​群​集​工​具​的​更​改​和​添​加​。​

5.12.1. 新​特​性​

这​部​分​详​细​介​绍​了​新​高​可​用​性​群​集​信​息​。
  • Corosync 群​集​引​擎
    • 采​用​虚​拟​同​步​交​流​模​式​的​基​于​插​件​的​群​集​引​擎​
      • 仔​细​检​查​过​的​插​件​模​型​和​插​件 API
      • Ultra-high performance messaging, up to 300k messages/second to a group of 32 nodes for service engine developers.
      • 为​服​务​引​擎​开​发​者​提​供​大​多​数​服​务​
      • 为​可​移​动​程​序​开​发​提​供​很​多​其​它 Linux 发​布​标​准​。​
      • 可​用​于 32/64 位​混​合​用​户​程​序​,32/64 位​大​尾​和​小​尾​支​持​。​
      • 完​全 IPv4 和 IPv6 支​持​
    • 提​供​以​下​插​件​服​务​引​擎​和 C API
      • 为​群​集​通​信​关​闭​进​程​组​通​信 C API
      • 在​较​低​运​行​等​级​为​群​集​通​信​提​供​扩​展​的​虚​拟​同​步​转​移​规​向 C API。​
      • 为​群​集​配​置​提​供​运​行​时​配​置​数​据​库 C API
      • 为​运​行​时​群​集​操​作​配​置 C API
      • 提​供​与 quorum 相​关​信​息​的 quorum 引​擎 C API
    • 可​用​于​高​性​能​和​质​量​的​可​重​复​使​用​的 C 程​序​库​或​者​标​头​
      • Totem单​环​和​冗​余​环​组​播​协​议​库​
      • 其​它​项​目​可​使​用​带 sync 和 async 通​信​模​型​的​共​享​内​存 IPC 程​序​库​
      • logsys flight recorder 可​允​许​记​录​和​跟​踪​复​杂​程​序​并​在​核​文​件​或​者​用​户​命​令​程​序​库​中​记​录​状​态​
      • 数​据​块​与​句​柄​确​认​标​头​映​射​的 64 位​句​柄​
  • 基​于 openais 标​准​的​群​集​框​架​可​为​通​过​群​集​的​高​可​能​性​提​供​服​务​可​用​性​论​坛​应​用​界​面​规​范​和​硬​件​规​格​(Service Availability Forum Application Interface Specification):
    • 打​包​及​设​计​更​改​
      • 将​所​有​来​自 openis 与​群​集​相​关​的​特​性​合​并​到 Corosync 群​集​引​擎​中​。​
      • 将 openis 修​改​为 Corosync 群​集​引​擎​插​件​
    • 使​用​不​同​服​务​可​用​性​论​坛 AIS 规​格​作​为 corosync 服​务​引​擎​和 C API:
      • 群​集​成​员​服​务 B.01.01
      • 检​查​点​服​务 B.01.01
      • 事​件​服​务 B.01.01
      • 信​息​服​务 B.01.01
      • 发​布​的​锁​定​服​务 B.01.01
      • 计​时​器​服​务 B.01.01
      • 实​验​可​用​性​管​理​框​架 B.01.01
  • cluster is now based on both corosync and openais and offers:
    • 可​插​拔​配​置​机​制​:
      • XML(默​认​)
        • 从 Conga 中​将​更​新​的​配​置​方​案​移​动​到​群​集​
      • LDAP
      • corosync/openais 文​件​格​式​
    • 群​集​管​理​器​(cman):
      • 现​作​为 corosync 的​一​部​分​运​行​
      • 为​所​有 corosync 子​系​统​提​供 quorum
      • 增​强​的​免​配​置​运​行​
      • 更​好​的​配​置​更​新​处​理​
      • Quorum 磁​盘​(可​选​)现​在​支​持​混​合​字​节​序​群​集​
    • 包​护 / 保​护​代​理​:
      • 改​进​的​守​护​进​程​记​录​选​项​:
      • 输​出​别​名​及​端​口​号​的​新​操​作 'list'
      • 对​新​设​备​和​固​件​的​支​持​:LPAR HMC v3、​Cisco MDS、​interfaces MIB(ifmib)
      • 保​护​代​理​产​生​资​源​代​理​类​型​元​数​据​
      • 在​引​导​时​支​持 'unfence' 操​作​
    • rgmanager:
      • 更​好​的​配​置​更​新​处​理​
      • Uses same logging configuration as the rest of the cluster stack
    • clvmd:
      • 运​行​时​可​切​换 cman 或​者 corosync/dlm 群​集​接​口​

5.12.2. 打​包​更​改​

A lot of effort has been expended to cleanup the packages and to make them as complete, intuitive and modular as possible, allowing also external entities to reuse most of the infrastructure without the requirement to pull the whole stack in.
重​新​整​理​软​件​包​后​,用​户​会​发​现​更​新​其​群​集​变​得​更​轻​松​了​。​栅​栏​代​理​和​资​源​代​理​软​件​包​的​引​进​将​使​用​户​从​简​单​脚​本​更​新​重​启​群​集​字​节​时​遇​到​不​必​要​的​麻​烦​。​

6. 对​开​发​者​来​说 Fedora 的​改​动​

6.1. 开​发​

这​一​节​覆​盖​了​各​种​开​发​工​具​和​特​性​。​

6.2. 运​行​时​

向​下​兼​容​
Fedora provides legacy system libraries for compatibility with older software. This software is part of the Legacy Software Development group, which is not installed by default. Users who require this functionality may select this group either during installation or after the installation process is complete. To install the package group on a Fedora system, use Applications > Add/Remove Software or enter the following command in a terminal window:
            su -c 'yum groupinstall "Legacy Software Development"'
Enter the password for the root account when prompted.
bash
Fedora 11提​供​了​4.0版​的​bash。​这​次​重​要​更​新​增​加​了​许​多​新​特​性​。​
gcc
Fedora 11提​供​了​gcc 4.4和​libgcc 4.4。​这​可​能​需​要​重​新​编​译​您​的​程​序​。​
D-Bus Policy
Previous releases of Fedora shipped with a security policy for the D-Bus system bus that was unintentionally permissive (see CVE-2008-4311). In Fedora 11, the policy has been changed to deny method calls by default.

6.3. 工​具​

以​下​是 Fedora 11 中​新​的​或​者​更​新​的​软​件​包​:

6.3.1. 应​用​工​具​

ace
ace应​用​工​具​组​件​更​新​至​0.0.6,包​括​aceace-apacheace-bannersace-basic-siteace-mysqlace-phpace-postgres和​ ace-ssh。​

6.3.2. 语​言​

clisp
clisp (Common Lisp)更​新​至​2.47。​有​许​多​变​化​,请​见​该​项​目​页​面​(http://clisp.cons.org)。​
GCC
The GCC compiler suite has been updated to 4.4.0 including gcc, gcc-c++, gcc-gfortran, gcc-gnat, and gcc-objc.

语​法​变​更​

Some of the changes involve syntax changes that have the potential to break existing code. Please review the NEWS files at http://gcc.gnu.org carefully before upgrading.
gcl
GNU Common Lisp更​新​至​2.68pre。​这​次​期​待​已​久​的​更​新​修​正​了​大​量​的​bug。​项​目​主​页​:http://www.gnu.org/software/gcl。​
gforth
ANS 第​四​语​言​的​快​速​和​可​移​植​的​实​施​。​
Fedora 11提​供​了​0.7.0版​的​gforth。​
此​发​行​版​中​对​gforth做​了​大​量​修​改​。​强​烈​建​议​开​发​者​在​继​续​前​浏​览​该​项​目​的​页​面​。​
项​目​位​置​:http://www.jwdt.com/~paysan/gforth.html。​
gprolog
GNU Prolog更​新​至​1.3.1。​1.3.0以​来​修​正​了​大​量​的​bug。​程​序​员​应​当​看​看​http://www.gprolog.org/NEWS的​NEWS文​件​。​
iasl
Intel高​级​配​置​及​电​源​界​面​编​译​器​更​新​至​20090123。​这​是​2006以​来​的​第​一​次​更​新​,修​改​了​大​量​的​函​数​名​。​开​发​者​继​续​之​前​应​看​看​http://www.acpica.org/download/changes.txt。​
mingw32-gcc
Fedora 11提​供​了​MinGW编​译​器​。​它​的​新​特​性​是​允​许​开​发​者​以​相​同​的​源​代​码​为​Microsoft Windows和​Linux构​建​程​序​。​
nasm
nasm包​从​2.03.01更​新​至​2.05.01。​这​次​更​新​不​仅​修​正​了​大​量​bug,也​增​加​了​许​多​新​东​西​。​可​参​考​该​项​目​的​变​更​列​表​http://www.nasm.us/doc/nasmdocc.html来​了​解​完​整​信​息​。​
ocaml
发​行​本 3.11 的​亮​点​有​:
  • 在​有​些​平​台​的​原​生​程​序​可​使​用 Dynlink 程​序​库​。​
  • 目​前​在 Windows(MSVC 和 Mingw 端​口​)中​支​持 ocamldebug,但​没​有​重​放​特​性​。​(由 Dmitry Bely 和 Sylvain Le Gall 在 OCamCore 对 Lexifi 的​支​持​中​提​供​。​)
  • 新​端​口​:MacOS X、​AMD/Intel、​64 位​。​
有​关​详​情​请​查​看​更​改​的​完​整​列​表​,网​址​为​:http://caml.inria.fr/pub/distrib/ocaml-3.11/notes/Changes。​
pl
已​将​与 Edinburgh 兼​容​的 Prolog 编​译​程​序​更​新​至 5.7.6。​除​修​正​了​很​多 bug 之​外​,其​它​还​包​括​对​复​杂​优​化​表​达​式​快​速​标​记​、​处​理​额​外​专​业​用​语​、​为 YAP 兼​容​性​智​能​载​入​程​序​库​可​扩​展​的​加​强​。​项​目​网​站​:http://www.swi-prolog.org。​
sbcl
SBCL(Steel Bank Common Lisp)版​本 1.0.25 包​括​对​前​一​个​版​本 1.0.21 的​大​量​加​强​和​修​复​。​完​整​列​表​请​参​考 http://sbcl.sourceforge.net/news.html。​
ucblogo
ucblogo 版​本 6.0 修​复​了 PowerPC 的​一​个​问​题​。​
yasm
完​全​重​写​了 NASM 汇​编​程​序​。​从​版​本 0.7.1 改​为 0.7.2。
  • 为 64 位 Mach-0 添​加 PCI 支​持​。​
  • 为​全​局​命​名​添​加​了 --prefix--suffix 选​项​。​
  • 使 rel foo wrt ..gotpc 命​令​在 elf64 中​生​成 GOTPCRELrel foo wrt ..gotpcrel 的​别​名​)。​
  • 添​加​对​新​指​定​的 AVX/AES 指​令​的​支​持​。​
  • 删​除​无​效​的 VPBLENDVB 256 字​节​格​式​。​
  • Optimize non-strict push with 66h override to byte size if possible.
  • 修​复 bin 映​射​文​件​中​的​地​址​输​出​。​
  • 修​复​处​理​无​段​落​标​志​的 GAS 语​法​。​
  • coff/win32/win64 输​出​中​命​名​绝​对​符​号​。​
  • 其​它​修​复​。​

6.3.3. Debug 工​具​

alleyoop
alleyoop 的​版​本 0.9.4 是​一​个​微​小 bug 修​复​更​新​。​
gdb
Fedora 11的​gdb包​含​了​上​游​GDB没​有​的​补​丁​和​修​正​。​上​游​版​本​的​显​著​变​化​包​括​:
  • GDB可​调​试​使​用​-fpie编​译​的​程​序​。​
  • GDB可​用​Python脚​本​化​。​这​用​来​支​持​新​制​定​类​型​的​完​美​打​印​特​性​。​
  • GDB不​读​取​调​试​信​息​,这​使​得​使​用​大​量​共​享​库​调​试​时​能​够​快​速​启​动​。​
  • 添​加​了​新​命​令​"catch syscall"。​这​会​让​GDB在​有​syscall输​入​或​退​出​时​停​止​您​的​程​序​。​
  • C++ debugging support has been improved. The expression parser handles more cases correctly, and GDB can now properly handle exceptions thrown during an inferior function call.

Python API还​不​稳​定​

GDB的​Python API仍​在​开​发​中​。​目​前​我​们​无​法​保​证​将​来​对​API的​修​订​能​够​保​留​兼​容​性​。​
memtest86+
x86 和 x86-64 计​算​机​的​独​立​内​存​测​试​程​序​更​新​至 2.10。​版​本 2.10 中​的​改​进​:
  • 添​加 Intel Core i7(Nehalem) CPU 支​持​
  • 添​加 Intel Atom 处​理​器​支​持​
  • 添​加 Intel G41/G43/G45 芯​片​组​支​持​
  • 添​加 Intel P43/P45 芯​片​组​支​持​
  • 添​加 Intel US15W (Poulsbo) 芯​片​支​持​
  • 添​加 Intel EP80579 (Tolapai) SoC CPU 支​持​
  • 添​加 ICH10 Southbridge (SPD/DMI) 支​持​
  • 添​加 Intel 5000X 支​持​
  • 现​已​全​面​识​别​CPU w/ L3 cache (Core i7 & K10)
  • 添​加 DDR3 DMI 侦​测​解​决​方​法​
  • 修​复​的 Intel 5000Z 芯​片​组​探​测​
  • 在 AMD K10 固​定​内​存​频​率​
  • 修​复​的​在 C7/Isaiah CPU 中​的​缓​存​探​测​
  • 修​复​了​不​将 Memtest86+ 识​别​为 Linux 内​核​的​错​误​
nemiver
除​一​些 bug 修​复​外​,nemiver 的 0.6.4 现​在​允​许​在​即​使​无​法​获​得​当​前​源​编​辑​程​序​的​情​况​下​设​定​断​点​。​
pylint
pylint 0.16.0 软​件​包​包​含​很​多 bug 修​复​和​微​小​改​进​。​详​情​请​参​考​项​目​网​站​:http://www.logilab.org/projects/pylint。​
valgrind
3.4.0版​本​集​合​了​众​多​重​要​改​善​和​bug修​正​。​此​版​本​支​持 X86/Linux,AMD64/Linux,PPC32/Linux和​PPC64/Linux。​增​加​了​对​最​新​发​行​版​(使​用​GCC 4.4,glibc 2.8和​2.9)的​支​持​。​完​整​的​valgrind发​行​注​记​请​见​http://www.valgrind.org/docs/manual/dist.news.html。​

6.3.4. 文​档​工​具​

colordiff
The colordiff package has been updated to 1.08a. Changes (from the project website) include: Support for numeric colors added, for 256-color terminals (thanks to Gautam Iyer). Diff-types can now be specified explicitly, for use when diff-type detection doesn't work or isn't possible. Return diff's exit code, patch from Tim Connors. Allow extraneous diff text to be colored separately.
doxygen
doxygen 1.5.8 包​括​完​全​重​写​的 doxywizard、​加​强​的​扩​展​映​射​、​对​越​南​语​的​支​持​以​及​对​土​耳​其​语​的​更​好​支​持​。​除​此​之​外​还​有​很​多 bug 修​复​,详​情​位​于​:http://www.stack.nl/~dimitri/doxygen/changelog.html。​
highlight
highlight 版​本 2.7 包​括​(在 http://www.andre-simon.de/):
  • 改​进​的 XML - 和 VHDL highlighting
  • 添​加 Clojure 支​持​
  • 在 LaTex 输​出​添​加​打​包​箭​头​
texinfo
texinfo 的​版​本 4.13 包​括​一​个​参​考​卡​,对 HTML 有​更​好​的​支​持​,并​支​持​多​字​节​字​符​设​置​。​有​关​详​情​请​查​看​项​目​网​站​:http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/。​

6.3.5. IDE 和​编​辑​器​

emacs
emacs 的​发​行​本 22.3 主​要​考​虑​清​除​旧​的​/过​时​的​特​性​。​完​整​内​容​请​参​考 NEWS 文​件​,网​址​:http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/NEWS.22.3
eric
Fedora 11 中​包​括 eric Python IDE 版​本 4.3.0。​详​情​请​参​考 http://eric-ide.python-projects.org/eric-news.html。​
ipython
包​括 ipython 0.9.1 版​本​,从 0.8.4 更​新​而​来​。​这​是​一​个​主​要​发​行​本​。​详​情​请​参​考 http://ipython.scipy.org/announcements/ann-ipython-0.9.txt。​
monodevelop
更​新​的 monodevelop 1.9.2 包​括​大​量​新​特​性​。​您​可​以​在 http://monodevelop.com/Release_notes_for_MonoDevelop_2.0_Beta_1 查​看​这​些​特​性​。​
plt-scheme
这​是​一​个 bug 修​复​发​行​本​。​

6.3.6. 问​题​及 Bug 跟​踪​工​具​

mantis
The mantis package has been upgraded to 1.1.6. "This release fixes once and for all the caching troubles from previous stable releases, some access permissions bugs, and a few various other issues. This release also improves the existing source control integration by allowing remote checkins." For a complete list of all other changes refer to http://www.mantisbt.org/.
trac
trac 的 0.11.3 版​本​包​括​很​多​新​特​性​,其​中​包​括​生​成​内​容​的​新​模​板​引​擎​、​新​的​可​配​置​流​程​以​及​对​权​限​的​细​致​控​制​。​
trac-mercurial-plugin
The trac-mercurial-plugin 0.11.0.7 package works with the trac 0.11 release, and provides added features including quickjump to a tag or branch, blame support, and custom property renderers.

6.3.7. 词​汇​及​解​析​工​具​

bison
Fedora 11 包​括 bison 版​本 2.4.1。​这​是​一​个​次​要​升​级​。​

6.3.8. Make 和 Build 工​具​

automake
Improvements in automake 1.10.2 include:
  • Changes to libtool support:
    • The distcheck command works with libtool 2.x even when LT_OUTPUT is used, as config.lt is removed correctly now.
  • Miscellaneous changes:
    • The manual is now distributed under the terms of the GNU FDL 1.3.
    • When the automake --add-missing command causes the COPYING file to be installed, it will also warn that the license file should be added to source control.
In addition a few bugs were fixed.
cmake
已​将 cmake 更​新​至​版​本 2.6.3。​这​个​更​新​包​括​一​些 bug 修​复​。​完​整​列​表​请​访​问 http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.6/CMakeChangeLog-2.6.3。​
cpanspec
Fedora 11 包​括 cpanspec 版​本 1.78。​处​一​些 bug 修​复​外​,还​有​一​些​附​加​的​命​令​行​选​项​。​
meld
meld 1.2.1:
  • 现​在​需​要 Pygtk 版​本 2.8。​
  • Port 到 gtk.UIManager。​
  • 子​版​本​路​径​中​的​句​柄​空​间​。​
  • 启​动​时​命​令​行​自​动​比​较​所​有​选​项​。​
  • 命​令​行​可​进​行​一​些​比​较​。​
  • Several UI tweaks (better focus behavior, better defaults.)
patchutils
版​本 0.3.1 包​括​很​多​次​要​加​强​和 bug 修​复​。​

6.3.9. 修​订​控​制​工​具​

bzr
The bzr package has been upgraded to 1.12 which includes a large number of new features and bug fixes over the 1.7 version in Fedora 10. The bzr user is encouraged to visit the project's web page at http://www.bazaar-vcs.org/ to review these improvements.
cvs2svn
已​将 cvs2svn 软​件​包​更​新​至 2.2.0。​除 bug 修​复​外​,还​有​大​量​新​特​性​。​详​情​请​访​问 http://cvs2svn.tigris.org/source/browse/cvs2svn/tags/2.2.0/CHANGES 。​
darcs
darcs 的​版​本 2.2.0 包​括​大​量 bug 修​复​外​的​大​量​新​特​性​。​请​参​考​位​于 http://allmydata.org/trac/darcs-2/browser/NEWS 的​更​改​日​志​。​
giggle
0.4.90 中​的​大​多​数​主​要​改​动​:
  • The user interface has been cleaned up dramatically.
  • 文​件​浏​览​视​图​可​被​存​储​并​支​持​注​释​。​
  • 紧​凑​视​图​已​取​消​。​
  • 现​在​使​用​插​件​系​统​的​基​础​设​置​。​
  • 修​订​视​图​显​示​从 Gravatar 中​搜​索​的 avatar。​
git
已​将 git 软​件​包​更​新​至 1.6.2。​除​其​它​更​改​外​,Fedora 软​件​包​现​在​遵​循​上​游​默​认​并​安​装​默​认 PATH 之​外​的​大​多​数 git-* 命​令​。​如​果​您​有​调​用 git-* 二​进​制​程​序​的​脚​本​,则​鼓​励​您​将​其​改​为​使​用 git foo 类​型​。​如​果​这​不​可​行​,您​可​以​调​节​您​的 PATH。​Git 可​提​供​一​个​方​便​的​方​法​做​到​这​一​点​:
PATH=$(git --exec-path):$PATH
It is worth noting that git hooks are run with $(git --exec-path) in their PATH.
mercurial
Fedora 11 中​包​括​版​本 1.1.2,并​含​有​大​量​新​特​性​。​请​参​考​位​于 http://www.selenic.com/mercurial/wiki/index.cgi/WhatsNewmercurial 发​行​注​记​。​
monotone
In addition to a number of bugfixes, the new monotone 0.42 includes the following changes:
  • The output of automate show_conflicts has been changed; a default resolution for file content conflicts and user resolutions for other conflict types has been added. directory_loop_created changed to directory_loop.
  • The French, Brazilian-Portuguese, and Japanese translations were outdated and thus have been removed from the distribution. In case you care about them and want them back, drop us a note at mailto:monotone-devel@nongnu.org.
... and the following new features:
  • mtn ls duplicates 命​令​可​让​您​列​出​给​出​修​订​或​者​工​作​站​中​的​重​复​文​件​。​
  • 新​选​项 --no-workspacemonotone 忽​略​所​有​它​在​其​中​运​行​过​的​工​作​站​。​
  • 新​命​令​组​群 mtn conflicts * 为​合​并​和​扩​散​提​供​不​同​步​冲​突​解​决​方​案​。​
  • New automate file_merge command which runs the internal line merger on two files from two revisions and outputs the result.
  • New automate lua command to call lua functions over automate, similar to monotone hooks. This is particularly useful to get user defaults, like ignorable files, branch keys and passwords, which are managed through one or more monotonerc files.
  • New automate read_packets command that reads data packets like public keys similar to mtn read.
  • mergepropagate 命​令​接​受​用​户​提​交​短​信​;会​将 merge rev rev 或​者 propagate branch branch 信​息​附​加​到​用​户​信​息​前​面​。​--no-prefix 删​除​这​个​前​缀​。​
亚​版​本​
1.5.5 中​的​用​户​可​见​改​动​:
  • Allow prop commits on directories with modified children.
  • Make Cyrus authentication implementation always prefer EXTERNAL to ANONYMOUS.
  • 不​为 wc-wc 移​动​或​者​复​制​生​成​合​并​信​息​
  • Do not autoupgrade old BDB file systems to 1.5 or 1.4 format
  • 在​逆​向​合​并​过​程​中​返​回​前​一​个​状​态​的​合​并​信​息​
  • 去​掉​合​并​删​除​的​合​并​信​息​
  • Make proxy slaves pass through txn GET and PROPFIND requests
  • Merge can now use targets with inconsistent newlines2
  • Don't allow empty-string changelists
  • Remove false positive ra_neon mergeinfo errors
  • 增​强​了​svn merge --reintegrate的​性​能​
  • Fixed: foreign merges keep UUID of foreign repository
  • Fixed: properly encode diff headers used in conflict resolution
  • Fixed: segfault in svn cp --parents
  • Fixed: mergeinfo for '...' maps to empty revision range
  • Fixed: segfault in BDB backend node-origins cache
  • Fixed: broken merge if target's history includes resurrections
  • Fixed: invalid mergeinfo created on a subtree during merge
svn2cl
已​将 svn2cl 软​件​包​更​新​至 0.11。​从​发​行​本 0.10 更​新​而​来​。
  • 小​型​可​移​植​性​改​进​。​
  • OpenBSD's ksh 修​复​。​
tkcvs
版​本 8.2 中​的​改​变​:
  • The Branch Browser can now draw merge arrows for merges tracked by Subversion 1.5's mergeinfo property and CVSNT's mergepoint feature. The work-around of using tags is no longer necessary, if your Subversion or CVSNT server and client support their own merge tracking.
  • The Branch Browser has a new search ability, so you can highlight a revision on the diagram by its version, date, tag, or author.
  • The Log button in the Branch Browser always produces a full log of revisions on the selected branch instead of inappropriately following the Directory Browser's "Log Detail" setting.
  • If your SVN repository has a structure that's functionally similar to trunk, branches, and tags but with different names, you can tell TkCVS about it by setting variables in tkcvs_def.tcl:
    • cvscfg(svn_trunkdir)
    • cvscfg(svn_branchdir)
    • cvscfg(svn_tagdir)

6.3.10. 其​他​开​发​工​具​

amqp
The AMQP specification has been updated to 1.0.738618 reflecting recent work on the specification. Project site: http://www.amqp.org.
binutils
已​将 binutils 软​件​包​更​新​至 2.19.51.0.2。​这​是​一​个​次​要​更​新​,请​参​考 http://sources.redhat.com/binutils。​
coccinelle (spatch)
The coccinelle package enables semantic patches to be written for C code, particularly Linux kernel patches.
Refer to the LWN article about semantic patching (http://lwn.net/Articles/315686/) and the Coccinelle home page (http://www.emn.fr/x-info/coccoinelle).
cproto
In addition to a few bugfixes, the following changes have been made:
  • Modified cpp command to redirect stderr to /dev/null if -q option is given, for consistency with the non-cpp mode
  • Added configure --disable-leaks option.
  • Use configure macro CF_XOPEN_SOURCE macro to make mkstemp() prototyped on Linux.
  • Removed isascii() usage.
http://freshmeat.net/projects/cproto/
elfutils
elfutils包​更​新​至​0.140(从​0.137)。​除​了​修​正​一​些​bug外​,添​加​了​Intel SSE4拆​分​支​持​并​可​自​动​解​压​ELF文​件​。​在​http://fedorahosted.org/elfutils/browser/NEWS参​考​NEWS文​件​来​了​解​完​整​信​息​。​
libtool
Fedora 11加​入​了​2.2.6版​本​的​libtool,此​版​本​是​对​Fedora 10中​1.5版​本​的​完​全​重​写​。​上​游​项​目​已​经​发​布​了​很​多​临​时​版​本​,但​没​有​体​现​在​Fedora中​。​要​了​解​完​整​信​息​,请​参​考​http://www.gnu.org/software/libtool/news.html。​
livecd-tools
The livecd-tools version 021 includes a number of bug fixes and corrects some oversights, including support for ext4 file systems and creating large ISOs using UDF.
mcrypt
Version 2.6.8 of mcrypt is largely a source code cleanup and should not affect functionality. Refer to the NEWS file for details.
scons
scons 1.2.0 是 1.0.0 的​次​要​升​级​。​详​细​改​动​列​表​请​参​考 http://www.scons.org/CHANGES.txt。​
srecord
版​本 1.46 中​包​含​以​下​改​变​:
  • --x-e-length 过​滤​器​有​一​个​新​选​项​,它​们​现​在​可​以​接​受​一​个​宽​度​,可​将​其​分​成​字​节​长​度​,以​便​您​可​以​字​(2)或​者​长​(4)为​单​位​插​入​长​度​。​
  • 文​档​中​有​一​些​小​修​正​。​
  • 已​将 -minimum-maximum 选​项​重​新​命​名​为 -minimum-address-maximum-address 以​避​免​命​令​行​语​法​句​法​问​题​。​
swig
The swig package connects C/C++/Objective C to some high-level programming languages. Fedora 11 includes version 1.3.38 with a number of changes:
  • Enhancement to directors to wrap all protected members.
  • Optimization feature for objects returned by value.
  • A few bugs fixes in the PHP, Java, Ruby, R, C#, Python, Lua, and Perl modules.
  • Other minor generic bug fixes.
Project site: http://swig.sourceforge.net/
translate-toolkit
已​将 translate-toolkit 更​新​至 1.3.0。​有​大​量​影​响​具​体​语​言​的​改​动​。​详​情​请​参​考 ChangeLog 文​件​。​

6.4. Java

6.4.1. netbeans

已​将 netbeans 更​新​至​版​本 6.5。​netbeans 6.5 是 netbeans 6.1 的​重​要​更​新​,并​包​括​以​下​更​改​:
  • 带​编​码​完​成​、​Xdebug 和​网​页​服​务​特​性​的 PHP 支​持​。​
  • 用​于​内​容​程​序​开​发​的 JavaFX 1.0 支​持​动​画​、​图​形​和​介​质​编​码​译​码​器​。​
  • 对 Groovy 和 Grails 的​新​支​持​。​
  • 自​动​编​译​和​安​全​部​署 Java 和 Java EE 程​序​。​
  • 改​进​的​数​据​库​支​持​:SQL 历​史​记​录​、​SQL 完​成​以​及​查​看​和​编​辑​改​进​结​果​。​
  • 用​于​数​据​绑​定​、​SVG 和​生​成​定​制​组​件​的​改​进 Java ME 支​持​。​
  • GUI Builder:支​持 Nimbus 和​简​单​分​类​名​称​。​
  • JUnit:单​一​测​试​方​法​支​持​。​
  • Debugger:在​特​性​中​重​新​设​计​步​骤​。​
有​关 NetBeans IDE 中​主​要​开​发​特​性​的​详​情​请​查​看​:

6.5. Eclipse

eclipse包​升​级​至​3.4.2版​本​。​很​多​插​件​和​工​具​也​随​之​更​新​。​主​要​是​大​量​的​bug修​正​和​少​数​例​外​,用​户​不​会​发​现​任​何​差​异​。​
用​户​可​访​问​位​于 http://www.eclipse.org/ 的 Eclipse 网​站​以​获​得 Eclipse 的​最​新​消​息​。​
2.2.1版​本​的​eclipse-phpeclipse修​正​了​选​词​时​出​现​的​问​题​。​参​考​http://phpeclipse.net/。​
The pydev-mylyn has been updated to 1.4.4. See http://pydev.sourceforge.net for details.

6.6. Haskell

已​将 Fedora Haskell SIG 紧​急​更​新​至 Haskell packages 和​我​们​的 Packaging Guidelines。​现​在​新​指​南​和 cabal2spec 可​轻​松​为 Fedora 打​包 Haskell cabal 软​件​包​。​
For Fedora 11 the various packages have been updated to new versions including ghc-6.10.1, darcs-2.2.1, and ghc-gtk2hs-0.10.0. Newly added packages include cabal-install, cpphs, ghc-HTTP, ghc-paths, ghc-zlib. cabal-install makes it very easy to install source haskell packages straight from hackage.haskell.org into a user's own package.conf.
同​时​在​Freenode上​增​加​了​新​的​#fedora-haskell IRC 频​道​。​

6.7. 嵌​入​式​开​发​

Fedora 11为​在​众​多​平​台​开​发​嵌​入​式​程​序​提​供​了​一​系​列​的​包​。​对​AVR和​相​关​部​件​以​及​Microchip PIC提​供​了​广​泛​的​支​持​。​此​外​,还​提​供​了​在​Z80,8051等​较​旧​的​、​不​常​用​的​部​件​上​进​行​开​发​的​包​。​参​考​Packages for embedded development on the wiki了​解​更​多​的​介​绍​。​
Fedora 11 提​供​了​5.1版​本​的​dfu-programmer,一​个​针​对​带​有​USB引​导​器​,支​持​ISP的​Atmel (8051 & AVR)芯​片​的​命​令​行​编​辑​器​。​命​令​行​选​项​增​加​对​AVR32 trampoline的​支​持​。​支​持​所​有​已​知​的​Atmel USB AVR/8051/AVR32设​备​。​

6.8. 向​下​兼​容​

Fedora 提​供​以​前​的​系​统​程​序​库​以​便​与​其​它​老​软​件​兼​容​。​这​个​软​件​是 Legacy Software Development 组​群​的​一​部​分​,默​认​没​有​安​装​。​需​要​这​个​功​能​的​用​户​可​能​通​过​在​安​装​过​程​中​或​者​安​装​后​选​择​这​个​组​群​。​要​在 Fedora 系​统​中​安​装​软​件​包​组​,请​使​用 应​用​程​序​添​加​/删​除​软​件​ 或​者​在​终​端​窗​口​输​入​以​下​命​令​:
su -c 'yum groupinstall "Legacy Software Development"'
提​示​时​输​入​root用​户​密​码​。​

6.9. Linux Kernel

这​部​分​包​括 Fedora 11 中​基​于 2.6.29 内​核​的​改​动​和​重​要​信​息​。​

6.9.1. Improved Performance and Reduced Power with relatime

The relatime option is now enabled by default in Fedora 11. It improves file system performance and reduces power consumption.
The POSIX standard requires operating systems to keep track of the last time each file was accessed by an application or the user, and to store this timestamp as part of the file system data. This timestamp, called atime, is used in finding out which files are never used (to clean up the /tmp directory for example) or if a file has been looked at after it was last changed.
A significant downside to atime is that every time a file is accessed, the kernel has to write a new timestamp to the disk, at least after a few seconds of activity. These disk writes keep the disk and the link to the disk busy, which costs both performance and power.
Because some programs use atime, disabling by default is not practical. The Linux kernel has a feature called relatime, which is an effective compromise between having some of the information that atime provides, without having the disk time updated as regularly. It works by updating the atime field on disk only if the file hasn't been accessed since the last time it was accessed (to provide the new email detection capability) or when the last access was more than 1 day ago (to help programs and users clean up unused files in the /tmp directory). An improved version of relatime has been merged upstream by Fedora developers in the 2.6.30 kernel and backported to the Fedora 11 kernel.

6.9.2. 版​本​

Fedora 可​能​在​内​核​中​包​含​了​附​加​的​补​丁​来​进​行​改​进​、​修​正​或​添​加​附​加​特​性​。​因​此​,Fedora 内​核​可​能​和​来​自 kernel.org 网​站​被​称​为 vanilla kernel 的​内​核​不​是​完​全​相​同​。​
要​获​得​这​些​补​丁​的​列​表​,下​载​源 RPM 软​件​包​,运​行​下​列​命​令​:
rpm -qpl kernel-<version>.src.rpm

6.9.3. Changelog

软​件​包​修​订​记​录​可​以​用​下​列​命​令​看​到​:
rpm -q --changelog kernel-<version>
If you need a user friendly version of the changelog, refer to http://wiki.kernelnewbies.org/LinuxChanges. A short and full diff of the kernel is available from http://kernel.org/git. The Fedora version kernel is based on the Linus tree.
Customizations made for the Fedora version are available from http://cvs.fedoraproject.org.

6.9.4. 内​核​开​发​准​备​

Fedora 11 does not include the kernel-source package provided by older versions since only the kernel-devel package is required now to build external modules.

定​制​内​核​构​建​中​

有​关​内​核​开​发​以​及​定​制​内​核​请​参​考 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Building_a_custom_kernel。​

6.9.5. 报​告 Bug

Refer to http://kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html for information on reporting bugs in the Linux kernel. You may also use http://bugzilla.redhat.com for reporting bugs that are specific to Fedora.

7. 对​特​定​爱​好​者​来​说 Fedora 的​改​动​

7.1. 科​学​和​数​学​方​面​的​更​新​

Fedora 11包​括​了​一​系​列​的​科​学​和​数​学​程​序​包​。​以​下​程​序​包​已​随​Fedora 11更​新​。​

7.1.1. 数​学​

freefem++
freefem++是​一​款​有​限​元​分​析​软​件​,已​更​新​至​3.0。​
Highlights:
  • 图​形​界​面​的​完​全​变​更 (freefem++取​代​了​freefem++-nw)
  • added medit (visualization software by P. Frey) inside freefem++ under the name ffmedit
  • 在​Antoine Le Hyaric写​出​更​好​的​版​本​前​,IDE版​本​会​被​剔​除​。​参​考​ http://www.ann.jussieu.fr/~lehyaric/ffcs
  • introduced client-server architecture freefem++
  • ffglut visualizer using glut library
完​整​的​上​游​更​新​日​志​在​此​: http://www.freefem.org/ff++/ftp/INNOVATION

7.1.2. 化​学​

gabedit
gabedit是​多​种​计​算​性​化​学​程​序​包​的​GUI。​2.1.17版​本​的​亮​点​包​括​:
  • full undo/redo for geometry changes
  • full control over displayed bonds
  • support for reading connectivities from gabedit, hin, pdb, mol2 and mol files
  • 分​子​动​态​构​象​搜​索​使​用 MM potential (Amber 99)和​Semi-Empirical方​式​(来​自​Open Mopac或​PCGamess)
  • 从​GDK绘​图​函​数​迁​移​至​Cairo
  • 几​何​绘​制​图​形​可​导​出​为​EPS,PS,PDF和​SVG格​式​
参​考​上​游​更​新​日​志 http://sites.google.com/site/allouchear/Home/gabedit/download/changelog来​了​解​详​细​信​息​。​

7.2. Electronic Design Automation

Fedora Electronic Lab is Fedora's high-end hardware design and simulation platform. This platform provides different hardware design flows based on the semiconductor industry's current trend. FEL maps in three methodologies {design, simulation, and verification} with open source EDA software.
FEL 网​站​:http://chitlesh.fedorapeople.org/FEL/。​
The latest methodology included on FEL platform is the means for verifications and debugging for digital based designs.
The Perl modules included for F11 bring a new methodology under the Fedora umbrella. This methodology is verification together with possibilities for co-simulation based design and simulation. Fedora remains the sole Linux distribution distributing FEL methodologies for hardware design, simulation, and verification.
Updates of the existing RPM packages have improved design experience in terms of development time and debugging. While FEL understands Moore's Law is important for its userbase, these improvements allow users to design a more efficient and successful design with open source software.
These enhancements brought to the Fedora umbrella increase chances that Fedora users can complete their high-end hardware design even if scaled to 90nm and wrap up their project with final tapeout.
FEL 连​接​两​个​不​同​开​源​社​区​:
  • 开​源​软​件​社​区​
  • 开​源​硬​件​社​区​
After 3 consecutive and successive releases, FEL/Fedora is regarded as the leader in this field by both communities due to its 3-years of experience and quality EDA solutions.
Below entails the highlights of the major development items to put the quality barrier higher than the previous releases:
  • Perl modules to extend vhdl and verilog support. These Perl modules together with rawhide's gtkwave improves chip testing support.
  • ngspice 中​引​进​了 Verilog-AMS modeling
  • Improved VHDL debugging support with gcov.
  • Improved support for re-usable HDL packages as IP core
  • iverilogghdl 中​的​改​进​的 PLI 支​持​
  • Introduction of C-based methodologies for HDL testbenches and models.
  • Improved co-simulation based hardware design.
  • 为 DSP 设​计​流​程​引​进​升​级​工​具​
用​户​现​在​正​在​使​用​标​准 Fedora Live 介​质​或​者​“​电​子​实​验​室​”​yum 组​群​部​署​这​个​高​端​硬​件​设​计​、​模​拟​以​及​确​认​平​台​。​要​安​装​请​运​行​以​下​命​令​:
su -c "yum groupinstall 'Electronic Lab'"

7.3. 对​业​余​无​线​电​爱​好​者​来​说​有​什​么​新​特​性​?

Fedora 11 中​包​含​很​多​业​余​无​线​电​和​电​子​爱​好​者​感​兴​趣​的​应​用​程​序​和​程​序​库​。​Fedora 电​子​实​验​室 spin 中​有​很​多​这​样​的​程​序​。​Fedora 中​的​可​用​完​整​业​余​无​线​电​应​用​程​序​列​表​请​参​考 wiki 中​的 业​余​无​线​电​应​用​程​序​。​

7.3.1. 声​卡​程​序​

fldigi
Fedora 11 中​包​括 fldigi 的 3.10 版​。​与 Fedora 10 相​比​,除​了​对​用​户​界​面​以​及 bug 修​复​有​很​多​小​改​动​之​外​,在 waterfall 和​日​志​记​录​方​面​也​加​强​了​很​多​。​有​关​改​动​的​完​整​列​表​请​查​看​上​游​项​目​网​页 http://www.w1hkj.com/fldigi-distro/。​
xfhell
xfhell 的​版​本 1.9 包​括​一​下​阿​处​理 PTT 行​的​改​进​以​及​在​调​整​窗​口​大​小​的​额​外​的​灵​活​性​,还​修​复​了​一​些 bug。​该​项​目​的​网​页​为 http://5b4az.chronos.org.uk/pages/digital.html。​
soundmodem
Fedora 现​在​又​重​新​添​加​了 soundmodem。​soundmodem 0.10 提​供​为​数​字​应​用​程​序​(比​如 AX.25)将​您​的​声​卡​作​为​调​制​解​调​器​使​用​的​方​法​。​该​上​游​项​目​页​面​为 http://www.baycom.org/~tom/ham/soundmodem/。​
HamFax
HamFax 0.54 是​新​添​加​到 Fedora 中​的​。​HamFax 是​一​个​业​余​无​线​电​爱​好​者​发​送​和​接​收​传​真​的​应​用​程​序​,并​可​接​收​公​共​通​信​广​播​,比​如​气​象​图​。​支​持​的​接​口​是​来​自​特​殊​通​信​系​统​的​声​卡​和 SCS-PTCII。​
wxapt
wxapt 是​一​个​用​来​解​码​和​保​存 NOAA 和 METEOR 的 APT 格​式​的​气​象​图​传​输​的​应​用​程​序​。​wxapt 是​新​添​加​到 Fedora 中​的​。​

7.3.2. 软​件​定​义​的​无​线​电​通​讯​

gnuradio
已​将 gnuradio 更​新​到​版​本 3.1.3。​这​是​一​个​完​成​了​很​多 bug 修​复​的​更​新​。​

7.3.3. 电​路​升​级​及​模​拟​

已​将 gEDA 套​件​更​新​至 20081231。​这​包​含​软​件​包 geda-docs、​geda-examples、​geda-gattrib、​geda-gnetlist、​geda-gschem、​geda-gsymcheck、​geda-symbolsgeda-utils。​这​些​都​是​修​复 bug 后​的​发​布​。​另​外​,gEDA 套​件​中​还​包​括 gerbv、​pcbngspice,但​是​分​别​发​行​的​。​
gerbv
gerbv 2.1.0 的​改​进​包​括​对​象​选​择​、​改​善​的​导​出​以​及​处​理 drill 文​件​时​更​多​的​灵​活​性​。​这​个​软​件​包​的​完​整​发​行​主​机​位​于 http://gerbv.sourceforge.net/ANNOUNCEMENT-2.1.0。​
pcb
已​将 pcb 更​新​至 20081128。​在​这​些​改​进​中​包​含​一​个​新​的​‘​Ben 模​式​’​,它​可​将​画​图​版​‘​图​片​’​导​出​成​一​个 .png 文​件​。​另​外​还​有​一​些​操​作​处​理​的​微​小​改​进​以​及​大​量 bug 修​复​。​这​个​版​本​的​完​整​发​行​注​记​位​于 http://pcb.sourceforge.net/news.html#20081128
ngspice
已​将 ngspice 更​新​至​版​本 18。​改​动​包​括​:
  • 已​将 spice 模​拟​器​程​序​库​与 ngspice 合​并​。​现​在​您​可​以​通​过​插​入​配​置​切​换​编​译 ngspice 或​者 tclspice。​详​见 RADME.tcl
  • 引​进​了​新​选​项​:brief、​listing、​autostop 和 scale
  • 引​进​了​对 .lib 文​件​的​支​持​。​这​样​就​可​以​在 ngspice 中​使​用​第​三​方​模​式​程​序​库​。​
  • .measure 状​态​:avg、​integ、​rms、​max、​min、​delay、​param
  • .global statements t support for global nodes whose name is not expanded when flattening the netlist.
  • .func 宏​用​于​在 netlist 中​添​加​内​联​化​函​数​
  • 改​进​的 numparam 程​序​库​可​支​持​完​全​参​数​化​的 netlist。​
  • BSIM 模​型​面​元​划​分​。​
  • 新​的​使​用 XSPICE 延​伸​的​多​输​入​门 VCVS。​
iverilog
已​将 iverliog 更​新​至 0.9.20081118。​这​是​一​个​重​大 bug 修​复​更​新​。​

7.3.4. 登​录​及​相​关​程​序​

LinLog
已​将 LinLog 更​新​至 0.4。

注意

更​新​到 0.4 之​前​,您​应​该​将​您​的​数​据​库​导​出​到 ADIF。​然​后​安​装 0.4,创​建​一​个​新​数​据​库​,并​导​入 ADIF。​具​体​步​骤​详​见 http://linlogbook.sourceforge.net/doc/LinLocDoc.html。​
qle
qle 0.0.10 是 Fedora 11 中​新​添​加​的​内​容​。​qle 是​一​个​图​形 QSO 日​志​浏​览​器​、​日​志​编​辑​器​和 QSO 记​录​器​。​它​可​在​一​个​快​速​和​请​加​权​的 SQLite 数​据​库​中​直​接​记​录​(或​者​修​改​)QSO。​
ibp
一​个​用​来​显​示​哪​个​IBP灯​塔​在​发​报​的​工​具​。​国​际​灯​塔​工​程​实​际​就​是​全​世​界​18个​业​余​(ham)无​线​发​报​器​,每​一​个​每​隔​3分​钟​在​5个​短​波​频​率​上​进​行​发​报​。​这​让​短​波​用​户​迅​速​获​取​最​新​的​全​球​无​线​电​传​播​条​件​。​更​多​信​息​可​参​考​http://www.ncdxf.org/beacons.html
xwota
xwota意​在​为​那​些​想​使​用​WOTA数​据​库​的​业​余​无​线​电​人​员​而​服​务​。​可​以​通​过​它​来​查​询​电​波​情​况​,波​段​、​频​率​,谁​在​使​用​,他​们​所​在​的​国​家​,州​,县​(郡​),以​及​经​纬​度​。​xwota为​Fedora 11新​增​。​
If you don't known what is the WOTA database, please refer to http://www.wotadb.org.

7.3.5. 天​线​模​拟​

xnec2c
Fedora 包​含​强​大​的​天​线​模​拟​程​序 nec2c 以​及​为 nec2c 提​供​图​形​用​户​界​面​的 xnec2c。​这​两​个​软​件​包​都​已​将​在 Fedora 11 中​更​新​至​版​本 1.2。​有​一​些​小​的 bug 修​复​更​改​。​项​目​网​页​位​于 http://5b4az.chronos.org.uk/pages/nec2.html。​

7.3.6. 互​联​网​及​相​关​程​序​

thebridge
thebridge 是​一​个 ILink/EchoLink 可​编​译​会​议​电​话​桥​接​器​。​这​是 Fedora 11 中​的​一​个​新​特​性​。​
cwirc
X-Chat plugin for sending and receiving raw Morse code over IRC. New to Fedora 11.
svxlink-server
svxlink server 是​一​个​用​于 ham 无​线​电​使​用​的​一​般​意​义​的​声​音​服​务​系​统​。​每​个​声​音​服​务​都​是​作​为​名​为​模​块​的​插​件​部​署​的​。​一​些​声​音​服​务​示​例​为​:帮​助​系​统​、​简​单​转​发​器​、​Echolink 连​接​。​处​理​无​线​电​界​面​的​系​统​核​心​也​具​有​很​大​的​灵​活​性​。​它​可​作​为​简​单​节​点​,也​可​以​作​为​转​发​器​控​制​程​序​动​作​。​svxlink-server 0.10.1 在​这​个 Fedora 发​行​本​中​是​新​的​。​对​于​程​序​员​来​说​,还​有​一​个​开​发​软​件​包 svxlink-server-devel。​
qtel
qtel 0.11.1是​一​个​Echolink的​客​户​端​。​注​意​这​仅​是​客​户​端​而​已​,并​不​是​完​全​的​。​如​果​您​想​要​创​建​一​个​连​接​,请​安​装​svxlink-server。​如​果​您​需​要​会​议​桥​,请​使​用​thebridge。 qtel为​Fedora 11新​增​。​

7.3.7. 其​它​应​用​程​序​

hamlib
Fedora 11使​用​了​1.28版​本​的​hamlib。​该​版​本​支​持​了​大​量​的​新​模​块​并​对​已​支​持​的​模​块​进​行​了​修​复​。​同​时​引​入​许​多​新​的​命​令​。​完​整​信​息​请​见​该​项​目​站​点​: http://hamlib.sourceforge.net。​
xdx
The DX cluster client xdx has been updated to 2.4.1. This is a bugfix update.
xdemorse
已​将 xdemorse 更​新​至 1.3。​这​是​一​个 bug 修​复​更​新​。​
ssbd
ssbd(单​边​带​守​护​进​程​)是​使​用 ham 无​线​电​的​声​音​控​制​器​。​它​是 Tucnak 的​一​部​分​。​为 VHF 竞​赛​进​行​记​录​,但​可​能​在​另​一​个​程​序​中​与 ssbd 一​同​使​用​。​ssbd 是 Fedora 这​个​发​行​本​中​的​新​内​容​。​
gpsman
gpsman has been updated to 6.4. See the details at http://www.ncc.up.pt/gpsman/wGPSMan_4.html.
splat
此​版​本​Fedora移​除​了​splat-utils及​splat包​中​对​应​的​内​容​。​使​用​splat时​不​需​再​安​装​splat-utils。​

A. 法​律​信​息​

Fedora 项​目​是​红​帽​公​司​资​助​的​。​

A.1. 许​可​证​

The Fedora License Agreement is included with each release. A reference version is available on the Fedora Project website: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/Licenses/LicenseAgreement This document is licensed under the terms of the Open Publication License v1.0 without options: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/Licenses/OPL

A.2. 商​标​

'Fedora' and the Fedora logo are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. and are subject to the terms of the Fedora Trademark Guidelines: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/TrademarkGuidelines All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

A.3. 外​部​参​考​

这​个​文​档​会​链​接​到​不​是​由 Fedora 项​目​控​制​和​维​护​的​其​它​资​源​。​红​帽​公​司​不​对​那​些​资​源​的​内​容​负​责​。​我​们​只​是​为​了​方​便​才​提​供​这​些​链​接​,将​任​何​到​这​些​资​源​的​链​接​包​含​在​内​不​是​根​据 Fedora 项​目​或​者​红​帽​资​源​的​背​书​。​我​们​保​留​终​止​任​何​链​接​或​者​在​任​何​时​间​终​止​链​接​程​序​的​权​利​。​

A.4. 导​出​

Certain export restrictions may apply to Fedora Project releases. Refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/Export for more details.

A.5. 法​律​信​息​

The following legal information concerns some software in Fedora. Portions Copyright (c) 2002-2007 Charlie Poole or Copyright (c) 2002-2004 James W. Newkirk, Michael C. Two, Alexei A. Vorontsov or Copyright (c) 2000-2002 Philip A. Craig

A.6. 更​多​详​情​

Additional legal information surrounding this document and Fedora Project releases is available on the Fedora Project website: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal

B. 修​订​记​录​

修订历史
修订 1.3Tue Mar 31 2009John McDonough
开​发​工​具​更​新​
修订 1.2Mon Mar 30 2009John McDonough
在​引​导​菜​单​中​添​加​更​改​
新​的 Gnome 和 KDE 内​容​
多​媒​体 Beat
修订 1.1Sun Mar 15 2009John McDonough
Add Scientific and Technical section
修订 1.0Tue Feb 10 2009Ryan Lerch
第​一​稿​