Version 9.0.1 (2008-05-12)
Hak Cipta © 2007, 2008 Red Hat, Inc. dan Lainnya
This document is released under the terms of the Open Publication License. For more details, read the full legalnotice in Bagian 3, “Legal Notice”.
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Latest Release Notes on the Web |
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These release notes may be updated. Visit http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ to view the latest release notes for Fedora Core. |
Catatan Revisi | ||
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Revisi 9.0.1 | 2008-05-12 | fdp |
Release notes for F9 |
Proyek Fedora adalah proyek sumber terbuka yang didukung oleh komunitas dan disponsori oleh Red Hat. Tujuannya adalah pengembangan yang cepat dari perangkat lunak yang bebas dan dengan sumber terbuka. Proyek Fedora menggunakan forum umum, proses terbuka, inovasi cepat, meritokrasi, dan transparansi dalam mengejar yang terbaik dari suatu sistem operasi dan platform yang bebas dan perangkat lunak sumber terbuka bisa sediakan.
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Catatan Rilis Mutakhir di Web |
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Catatan rilis ini mungkin sudah dimutakhirkan. Untuk melihat versi terakhir catatan rilis untuk Fedora, kunjungi: |
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Catatan Rilis sebelumnya di web |
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Jika Anda berpindah dari rilis Fedora yang lebih tua dari rilis sebelum ini, Anda perlu mengacu pada Catatan Rilis yang sebelumnya untuk informasi tambahan. Anda dapat menemukan Catatan Rilis pada http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/. |
Anda dapat membantu komunitas Proyek Fedora untuk melanjutkan pengembangan Fedora jika anda mengirimkan laporan bug dan permintaan perbaikan. Lihat di halaman http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/BugsAndFeatureRequests untuk informasi mengenai bug. Terima kasih atas partisipasi Anda.
Untuk mengetahui lebih jauh informasi umum mengenai Fedora, lihatlah halaman web berikut:
Fedora Overview
Fedora FAQ
Bantuan dan Diskusi
Berpartisipasi dalam Proyek Fedora
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Pranala Dokumen |
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Banyak pranala yang mungkin tidak berfungsi dengan baik dalam lingkungan instalasi, dikarenakan oleh batasan sumber daya. Catatan rilis juga tersedia setelah instalasi sebagai bagian dari home page default browser web. Jika Anda terhubung ke Internet, gunakan pranala berikut untuk menemukan informasi mengenai Fedora dan komunitas yang membuat dan mendukungnya. |
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Catatan Rilis Mutakhir di Web |
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Catatan rilis ini mungkin sudah dimutakhirkan. Untuk melihat versi terakhir catatan rilis untuk Fedora, kunjungi: |
Anda dapat menemukan sebuah tour berisi gambar dan video dari rilis baru ini pada http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Tours/Fedora9.
Untuk ringkasan perubahan penting dalam rilis ini yang tidak terlalu teknis, silakan lihat:
This release includes significant new versions of many key components and technologies. The following sections provide a brief overview of major changes from the last release of Fedora.
Fedora includes several different
spins,
which are variations of Fedora built from a specific set of
software packages. Each spin has a combination of software to
meet the requirements of a specific kind of end user. In
addition to a very small boot.iso
image for
network installation, users have the following spin choices:
A regular Fedora image for desktops, workstations, and server users. This spin provides a good upgrade path and similar environment for users of previous releases of Fedora.
One of several Live images that can be run from a disc or USB flash device, and can be installed to hard disk as desired. Refer to the "Live" section for more information about the Live images.
More custom spins are available at http://spins.fedoraproject.org. These Live images can be used on USB media via the livecd-iso-to-disk utility available in the livecd-tools package.
Fedora releases are also available via Jigdo. This distribution method can improve the speed of obtaining the installation ISO images. Instead of waiting for torrent downloads to complete, Jigdo seeks the fastest mirrors it can find via the Fedora Project Mirror Manager infrastructure, and downloads the bits it needs from these mirrors. To optimize seeking these bits, you can tell Jigdo to scan a DVD or CD you already have, and cut down on redundant downloads. This feature becomes particularly useful if you:
Unduh semua rilis test dan kemudian ambil rilis final, di mana anda telah mendapatkan 90% dari data dari tiap pengunduhan.
Unduh kedua set DVD dan CD, di mana DVD mengandung 95% dari data yang diperlukan untuk set CD.
Unduh kombinasi dari di atas.
This release features GNOME 2.22. GNOME now includes a webcam photo and video creation utility called Cheese, improved network filesystem support, a new international clock applet, Google Calendar support and custom email labels in Evolution, a new Remote Desktop Viewer, improved accessibility features, and PolicyKit integration.
KDE 4.0.3 tersedia dalam citra KDE Live dan juga dalam DVD.
Xfce 4.4.2 juga tersedia sebagai bagian dari rilis ini.
NetworkManager 0.7 provides improved mobile broadband support, including GSM and CDMA devices, and now supports multiple devices and ad-hoc networking for sharing connections. It is now enabled by default on installations from DVD, CD, the network, and Live images.
The Fedora installer, Anaconda,
now supports partition resizing for ext2/3, NTFS
filesystems, creating and installing to encrypted file
systems, improved Rescue Mode with FirstAidKit,
independent locations for the second stage installer and
the software packages. A redesigned,
larger netboot.iso
image now features
a second stage installer partly for this reason.
Live USB images now support persistence, so your data and setting changes will be preserved even after rebooting.
PackageKit, a new set of graphical and console tools, with a framework for cross-distribution software management, has replaced Pirut in this release of Fedora. The PackageKit graphical updater is available instead of Pup. Behind PackageKit, the performance of yum has been significantly improved.
FreeIPA makes managing auditing, identity and policy processes easier by providing web-based and command line provisioning, and administration tools to ease system administration. FreeIPA combines the power of the Fedora Directory Server with FreeRADIUS, MIT Kerberos, NTP and DNS to provide an easy, out of the box solution.
Ext4, the next version of the mature and stable ext3 filesystem is available as a option in this release. Ext4 features better performance, higher storage capacity and several other new features.
This release of Fedora uses
Upstart,
an event-based replacement for
the /sbin/init
daemon.
Firefox 3 brings a number of major improvements including a native look and feel, desktop integration, the new Places replacement for bookmarks, and a re-worked address bar.
The completely free and open source Java environment OpenJDK 6 is installed by default. IcedTea 7, derived from OpenJDK 1.7, is no longer the default. IcedTea includes a browser plug-in based on GCJ, and is available for both x86 and x86_64 architectures. GCJ is still the default on PPC architecture.
OpenOffice.org 2.4, dengan banyak fitur baru, tersedia sebagai bagian dari Fedora 9.
Fedora now includes Perl 5.10.0, which features a smaller memory footprint and other improvements.
Fedora now includes TeXLive to replace the older, unmaintained TeX distribution.
Fedora 9 features a 2.6.25 based kernel.
Kernel crashes can be more automatically reported to http://www.kerneloops.org/ and diagnosed in a friendly way via the kerneloops package installed by default. Crash signatures are commonly referred to as oopses in Linux.
Work on the start-up and shutdown in X has yielded noticeable improvements.
The proposed plans for the next release of Fedora are available at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/RoadMap.
Copyright (c) 2007 by Red Hat, Inc. and others. This material may be distributed only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0, available at http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/.
The Fedora Art Project created the admonition graphics (note, tip, important, caution,
and warning). Tommy Reynolds <Tommy.Reynolds@MegaCoder.com>
created the callout graphics. They all may be freely redistributed with
documentation produced for the Fedora Project.
FEDORA, FEDORA PROJECT, and the Fedora Logo are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., are registered or pending registration in the U.S. and other countries, and are used here under license to the Fedora Project.
Red Hat and the Red Hat "Shadow Man" logo are registered trademarks of Red Hat Inc. in the United States and other countries.
All other trademarks and copyrights referred to are the property of their respective owners.
Documentation, as with software itself, may be subject to export control. Read about Fedora Project export controls at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/Export.
Thank you for taking the time to provide your comments, suggestions, and bug reports to the Fedora community. By doing so, you help improve the state of Fedora, Linux, and free software worldwide.
To provide feedback on Fedora software or other system elements, please refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/BugsAndFeatureRequests. A list of commonly reported bugs and known issues for this release is available from http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs/F9Common.
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Umpan Balik untuk Catatan Rilis Saja |
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This section concerns feedback on the release notes themselves. |
If you feel these release notes could be improved in any way, you can provide your feedback directly to the beat writers. Here are several ways to do so, in order of preference:
If you have a Fedora account, edit content directly at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats.
Fill out a bug request using this template: http://tinyurl.com/nej3u - This link is ONLY for feedback on the release notes themselves. Refer to the admonition above for details.
Email relnotes@fedoraproject.org.
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Catatan Rilis Mutakhir di Web |
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Catatan rilis ini mungkin sudah dimutakhirkan. Untuk melihat versi terakhir catatan rilis untuk Fedora, kunjungi: |
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Panduan Pemasangan Fedora |
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To learn how to install Fedora, refer to http://docs.fedoraproject.org/install-guide/. |
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Installation issues not covered in these release notes |
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If you encounter a problem or have a question during installation that is not covered in these relese notes, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FAQ and http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs/Common. |
Anaconda adalah nama program pemasang Fedora. Bagian ini membahas issue terkait dengan Anaconda dan pemasangan Fedora 9.
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Mengunduh Berkas Besar |
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If you intend to download the Fedora DVD ISO image, keep in mind that not all file downloading tools can accommodate files larger than 2 GiB in size. Tools without this limitation include wget 1.9.1-16 and above, curl, and ncftpget. BitTorrent is another method for downloading large files. For information about obtaining and using the torrent file, refer to http://torrent.fedoraproject.org/. |
Anaconda tests the integrity of installation media by default. This function works with the CD, DVD, hard drive ISO, and NFS ISO installation methods. The Fedora Project recommends that you test all installation media before starting the installation process and before reporting any installation-related bugs. Many of the bugs reported are actually due to improperly-burned CDs or DVDs.
The mediacheck function is highly sensitive, and
may report some usable discs as faulty. This result is often caused
by disc writing software that does not include padding when creating
discs from ISO files. To use this test, at boot time hit any key to
enter the menu. Then press the Tab key, add the
option mediacheck
to the parameter list, and press
Enter.
Setelah berhasil menyelesaikan mediacheck, boot ulang untuk kembali ke keadaan normal. Pada banyak sistem, hasilnya adalah proses instalasi dari cakram yang lebih cepat. Anda dapat melompati pilihan mediacheck
ketika boot ulang.
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BitTorrent Memeriksa Integritas Berkas Secara Otomatis |
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If you use BitTorrent, any files you download are automatically validated. If your file completes downloading, you do not need to check it. Once you burn your CD or DVD, however, you should still use mediacheck to test the integrity of the media. |
Untuk melakukan pengujian memori sebelum memasang Fedora, tekan tombol apa saja untuk masuk ke menu boot, kemudian pilih Memtest86 menggantikan Anaconda. Pengujian memori Memtest86 terus berjalan sampai anda menekan tombol Esc.
. Pilihan ini menjalankan perangkat lunak![]() |
Ketersediaan memtest86 |
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Anda harus boot dari Disc Instalasi 1, DVD, atau CD rescue untuk mempergunakan fitur ini. |
Fedora 9 supports graphical FTP and HTTP installations. However, the
installer image must either fit in RAM or appear on local storage,
such as Installation Disc 1. Therefore, only systems with more than
192MiB of RAM, or which boot from Installation Disc 1, can use the
graphical installer. Systems with 192MiB RAM or less fall back to
using the text-based installer automatically. If you prefer to use
the text-based installer, type linux text at the
boot:
prompt.
Dukungan built-in untuk mengubah ukuran partisi ext2, ext3, dan ntfs.
Dukungan untuk pemasangan perangkat blok terenkripsi, termasuk sistemberkas root.
Consolidated network booting ISO image, replacing old
boot.iso
,
diskboot.img
, and
rescuecd.iso
.
Lokasi pemasang babak kedua sekarang tergantung dari lokasi paket perangkat lunak.
Pemasangan secara natif ke mesin - mesin x86
dan x86_64
menggunakan EFI dan booting melalui grub
.
Pemeriksaan dan pendeteksian perangkat keras saat ini berbasis pada HAL dan udev
.
Dukungan untuk persistensi dalam citra langsung dalam media USB flash.
Use of /dev/hdX
on i386 and x86_64 for IDE
drives has changed to /dev/sdX
. See notes
about the importance of labeling devices for upgrades from
releases before Fedora 7, and partition limitations.
Tidak semua pengendali IDE RAID didukung. Jika pengendali RAID belum didukung olhe dmraid , Anda dapat memasukkan penggerak ke dalam array RAID dengan mengkonfigurasi RAID perangkat lunak Linux. Untuk pengendali yang didukung, konfigurasi fungsi RAID dapat dilakukan melalui BIOS komputer.
Some servers with multiple network interfaces may not assign
eth0 to the first network interface as BIOS knows it, which can
cause the installer to try using a different network interface
than was used by PXE. To change this behavior, use the following
in pxelinux.cfg/*
config files:
IPAPPEND 2 APPEND ksdevice=bootif
The configuration options above causes the installer to use the same network interface as BIOS and PXE use. You can also use the following option:
ksdevice=link
This option causes the installer to use the first network device it finds that is linked to a network switch.
Silakan mengacu pada http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/DistributionUpgrades untuk prosedur detil yang direkomendasikan untuk meng-upgrade Fedora.
If you are upgrading to Fedora 9 and use emacs, you must upgrade to the latest version of emacs for your prior release to ensure a clean upgrade. Fedora 8 users must have emacs-22.1-10.fc8 or later, while Fedora 7 users must have emacs-22.1-7.fc7.
To see what version of emacs is installed, run the rpm -q emacs command.
Whereas older IDE drivers supported up to 63 partitions per
device, SCSI devices are limited to 15 partitions per device.
Anaconda uses the
libata
driver in the
same fashion as the rest of Fedora, so it is unable to detect
more than 15 partitions on an IDE disk during the installation
or upgrade process.
If you are upgrading a system with more than 15 partitions, you may need to migrate the disk to Logical Volume Management (LVM). This restriction may cause conflicts with other installed systems if they do not support LVM. Most modern Linux distributions support LVM, and drivers are available for other operating systems as well.
A change in the way that the Linux kernel handles storage
devices means that device names like /dev/hdX
or /dev/sdX
may differ from the
values used in earlier
releases. Anaconda solves this
problem by relying on partition labels or UUIDs for finding
devices. If these are not present, then
Anaconda presents a warning
indicating that partitions need to be labelled and that the
upgrade can not proceed. Systems that use Logical Volume
Management (LVM) and the device mapper usually do not require
relabeling.
To view partition labels, boot the existing Fedora installation, and enter the following at a terminal prompt:
/sbin/blkid
Confirm that each volume line in the list has a
LABEL=
value, as shown below:
/dev/hdd1: LABEL="/boot" UUID="ec6a9d6c-6f05-487e-a8bd-a2594b854406" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3"
If any filesystem labels were added or modified, then the
device entries in /etc/fstab
must be
adjusted to match:
su -c "cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.orig" su -c "gedit /etc/fstab"
An example of a mount by label entry is:
LABEL=f7-slash / ext3 defaults 1 1
grub.conf
kernel root entry
If the label for the
/
(root)
filesystem was modified, the kernel boot parameter in the grub
configuration file must also be modified:
su -c "gedit /boot/grub/grub.conf"
A matching example kernel grub line is:
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.20-1.2948.fc6 ro root=LABEL=f7-slash rhgb quiet
If partition labels were adjusted, or the
/etc/fstab
file modified, then boot the
existing Fedora installation to confirm that all partitions
still mount normally and login is successful. When complete,
reboot with the installation media to start the installer and
begin the upgrade.
In general, fresh installations are recommended over upgrades, particularly for systems that include software from third-party repositories. Third-party packages remaining from a previous installation may not work as expected on an upgraded Fedora system. If you decide to perform an upgrade anyway, the following information may be helpful:
Before you upgrade, back up the system completely. In
particular, preserve /etc
,
/home
, and possibly
/opt
and
/usr/local
if customized packages are
installed there. You may wish to use a multi-boot approach
with a "clone" of the old installation on alternate
partition(s) as a fallback. In that case, create alternate
boot media, such as a GRUB boot floppy.
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Pencadangan Konfigurasi Sistem |
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Backups of configurations in |
After you complete the upgrade, run the following command:
rpm -qa --last > RPMS_by_Install_Time.txt
Inspect the end of the output for packages that pre-date the upgrade. Remove or upgrade those packages from third-party repositories, or otherwise deal with them as necessary. Some previously installed packages may no longer be available in any configured repository. To list all these packages, use the following command:
su -c "yum list extras"
When using a Kickstart configuration file via HTTP, kickstart file retrieval may fail with an error that indicates the file could not be retrieved. Click the OK button several times without making modifications to override this error successfully. As a workaround, use one of the other supported methods to retrieve Kickstart configurations.
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Catatan Rilis Mutakhir di Web |
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Catatan rilis ini mungkin sudah dimutakhirkan. Untuk melihat versi terakhir catatan rilis untuk Fedora, kunjungi: |
Bagian ini mencakup informasi khusus mengenai Fedora dan arsitektur perangkat keras yang didukung oleh Fedora.
RPM supports parallel installation of multiple architectures of the same package. A default package listing such as rpm -qa might appear to include duplicate packages, since the architecture is not displayed. Instead, use the repoquery command, part of the yum-utils package, which displays architecture by default. To install yum-utils , run the following command:
su -c "yum install yum-utils"
To list all packages with their architecture using rpm, run the following command:
rpm -qa --queryformat "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n"
You can add this to /etc/rpm/macros
(for a
system wide setting) or ~/.rpmmacros
(for a
per-user setting). It changes the default query to list the
architecture:
%_query_all_fmt %%{name}-%%{version}-%%{release}.%%{arch}
Bagian ini mencakup informasi khusus mengenai Fedora dan platform perangkat keras PPC.
Minimum CPU: PowerPC G3 / POWER3.
Fedora 9 supports only the "New World" generation of Apple Power Macintosh, shipped from circa 1999 onward. Although "Old World" machines should work, they require a special bootloader which is not included in the Fedora distribution.
Fedora 9 mendukung mesin IBM RS/6000, pSeries, iSeries, dan Cell Broadband Engine.
Fedora 9 juga mendukung Sony PlayStation 3 dan Genesi Pegasos II dan Efika.
Fedora 9 memasukkan dukungan perangkat keras baru untuk mesin 'Electra' dari P.A. Semiconductor.
Yang dianjurkan untuk mode teks: 233 MHz G3 atau lebih baik, 128MiB RAM.
Yang dianjurkan untuk mode grafis: 400 MHz G3 atau lebih baik, 256MiB RAM.
The complete packages can occupy over 9 GB of disk space.
Final size is entirely determined by the installing spin and
the packages selected during installation. Additional disk
space is required during installation to support the
installation environment. This additional disk space
corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img
(on Installation
Disc 1) plus the size of the files in /var/lib/rpm
on the installed
system.
In practical terms, additional space requirements may range from as little as 90 MiB for a minimal installation to as much as an additional 175 MiB for a larger installation.
Additional space is also required for any user data, and at least 5% free space should be maintained for proper system operation.
After a brief experiment with 64KiB pages in Fedora Core 6, the PowerPC64 kernel has now been switched back to 4KiB pages. The installer should reformat any swap partitions automatically during an upgrade.
The Option key on Apple systems is equivalent to the Alt key on the PC. Where documentation and the installer refer to the Alt key, use the Option key. For some key combinations you may need to use the Option key in conjunction with the Fn key, such as Option+Fn+F3 to switch to virtual terminal tty3.
Fedora Installation Disc 1 is bootable on supported hardware. In
addition, a bootable CD image appears in the
images/
directory of
this disc. These images behave differently according to your
system hardware:
Pada kebanyakan mesin, bootloader secara otomatis boot installer 32-bit atau 64-bit yang sesuai dari CD instalasi.
64-bit IBM pSeries (POWER4/POWER5), current iSeries models. Setelah menggunakan OpenFirmware untuk boot CD, bootloader, yaboot, secara otomatis boot installer 64-bit.
IBM "Legacy" iSeries (POWER4).
So-called "Legacy" iSeries models, which do not use
OpenFirmware, require use of the boot image located in the
images/iSeries
directory of the installation tree.
32-bit CHRP (IBM RS/6000 and others).
After using OpenFirmware to boot the CD, select the
linux32
boot image at the
boot:
prompt to start the 32-bit installer. Otherwise, the
64-bit installer starts and fails.
Genesi Pegasos II / Efika 5200B.
The Fedora kernel supports both Pegasos and Efika without
the need to use the "Device Tree Supplement" from
powerdeveloper.org. However, the lack of full support for
ISO9660 in the firmware means that booting via yaboot from
the CD is not possible. Boot the 'netboot' image instead,
either from the CD or over the network. Because of the
size of the image, you must set the
firmware's load-base
variable to load
files at a high address such as 32MiB instead of the
default 4MiB:
setenv load-base 0x2000000
At the OpenFirmware prompt, enter the following command to boot the Efika update, if necessary, or the netboot image from the CD:
boot cd: /images/netboot/ppc32.img
Atau dari jaringan:
boot eth ppc32.img
You must also manually configure OpenFirmware to make the
installed Fedora system bootable. To do this, set
the boot-device
and boot-file
environment variables
appropriately, to load yaboot from
the /boot
partition. For example, a
default installation might require the following:
setenv boot-device hd:0 setenv boot-file /yaboot/yaboot setenv auto-boot? true
PA Semi Electra.
The Electra firmware does not yet support yaboot; to
install on Electra, you can boot
the ppc64.img
netboot image. After
the installation, you will need to manually configure the
firmware to load the installed kernel and initrd from
the /boot
partition. Refer to the
firmware documentation for further details.
Sony PlayStation 3. For installation on PlayStation 3, first update to firmware 1.60 or later. The "Other OS" boot loader must be installed into the flash, following the instructions at http://www.playstation.com/ps3-openplatform/manual.html. A suitable boot loader image can be found on Sony's "ADDON" CD, available from ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/geoff/cell/.
Setelah boot loader diinstal, PlayStation 3 dapat melakukan boot dari media instalasi Fedora. Harap dicatat bahwa instalasi melalui jaringan bekerja lebih baik dengan NFS, karena membutuhkan memory yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan metode instalasi melalui FTP atau HTTP. Penggunakan opsi text juga mengurangi jumlah memory yang dibutuhkan oleh instaler.
Untuk informasi lebih lanjut mengenai Fedora dan PlayStation3 atau Fedora pada PowerPC secara umum, gabung ke Fedora-PPC mailing list atau channel #fedora-ppc
pada FreeNode.
Boot via Jaringan. Menggabungkan gambar berisi kernel pemasang dan ramdisk diletakkan dalam direktori images/netboot/
dari struktur pemasang. Semuanya dimaksudkan untuk boot jaringan dengan TFTP, tapi dapat digunakan dalam banyak cara.
Perintah yaboot mendukung booting TFTP untuk IBM pSeries dan Apple Macintosh. Fedora Project menganjurkan untuk menggunakan perintah yaboot di atas perintah netboot image.
Paket ppc64-utils telah dipecah ke dalam paket - paket terpisah yang mencerminkan paket upstream (ps3pf-utils, powerpc-utils, powerpc-utils-papr). Meskipun perintah mkzimage tidak lagi disediakan, Anda dapat menggunakan script wrapper dari paket kernel-bootwrapper:
wrapper -i initrd-${KERN_VERSION}.img -o zImage-${KERN_VERSION}.img vmlinuz-${KERN_VERSION}
Bagian ini mencakup informasi khusus mengenai Fedora dan platform perangkat keras x86.
Untuk menggunakan fitur spesifik dari Fedora 9 selama atau setelah proses instalasi, Anda perlu mengetahui informasi dari komponen perangkat keras lainnya seperti video dan kartu jaringan.
Spesifikasi CPU berikut ini menggunakan istilah prosesor Intel. Prosesor lainnya, seperti AMD, Cyrix, dan VIA yang kompatibel dengan dan sama dengan prosesor Intel berikut, juga dapat digunakan dengan Fedora.
Fedora 9 harus dijalankan pada prosesor kelas Intel Pentium atau lebih baik, dan dioptimalkan untuk Pentium 4 dan prosesor mutakhir.
Spesifikasi yang dianjurkan untuk mode teks: 200 MHz kelas Pentium atau lebih baik.
Spesifikasi yang dianjurkan untuk grafis: 400 MHz Pentium II atau lebih baik.
RAM minimum utk mode teks: 128MiB.
RAM minimum untuk grafis: 192MiB.
Ukuran RAM yg dianjurkan untuk grafis: 256MiB.
The complete packages can occupy over 9 GB of disk space.
Final size is entirely determined by the installing spin and
the packages selected during installation. Additional disk
space is required during installation to support the
installation environment. This additional disk space
corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img
(on Installation
Disc 1) plus the size of the files in /var/lib/rpm
on the installed
system.
In practical terms, additional space requirements may range from as little as 90 MiB for a minimal installation to as much as an additional 175 MiB for a larger installation.
Additional space is also required for any user data, and at least 5% free space should be maintained for proper system operation.
Bagian ini mencakup informasi khusus mengenai Fedora dan perangkat keras x86_64.
Untuk menggunakan fitur spesifik dari Fedora 9 selama atau setelah proses instalasi, Anda perlu mengetahui informasi dari komponen perangkat keras lainnya seperti video dan kartu jaringan.
RAM minimum untuk mode text: 256MiB.
RAM minimum untuk grafis: 384MiB.
Besar RAM yang dianjurkan untuk grafis: 512MiB.
The complete packages can occupy over 9 GB of disk space.
Final size is entirely determined by the installing spin and
the packages selected during installation. Additional disk
space is required during installation to support the
installation environment. This additional disk space
corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img
(on Installation
Disc 1) plus the size of the files in /var/lib/rpm
on the installed
system.
In practical terms, additional space requirements may range from as little as 90 MiB for a minimal installation to as much as an additional 175 MiB for a larger installation.
Additional space is also required for any user data, and at least 5% free space should be maintained for proper system operation.
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The Fedora release includes several live ISO images in addition to the traditional installation images. These ISO images are bootable, and you can burn them to media and use them to try out Fedora. They also include a feature that allows you to install the Live image content to your hard drive for persistence and higher performance.
Untuk daftar lengkap spin yang tersedia, dan instruksi untuk menggunakannya, lihat ke:
To boot from the Live image, insert it into your computer and
restart. To log in and use the desktop environment, enter the
username fedora
. Hit
Enter at the password prompt, since there is no
password on this account. The Live images do not automatically
login so users can select a preferred language. After logging in,
if you wish to install the contents of the live image to your hard
drive, click on the Install to Hard Drive
icon on the desktop.
Anda dapat melakukan pemasangan citra langsung dalam modus teks menggunakan perintah liveinst dalam konsol.
Anda dapat menambahkan liveinst
atau textinst
sebagai pilihan boot loader untuk melakukan pemasangan langsung tanpa boot ke live CD/DVD.
Cara lain untuk menggunakan citra langsung ini adalah dengan menaruhnya dalam media stik USB. Untuk melakukan ini, pasang paket livecd-tools dari repositori pengembangan. Kemudian, jalankan skrip livecd-iso-to-disk:
/usr/bin/livecd-iso-to-disk /path/to/live.iso /dev/sdb1
Ganti /dev/sdb1
dengan partisi tempat Anda akan menyimpan citranya.
Proses ini bukan proses destruktif; semua data yang Anda sekarang simpan dalam media USB akan tetap ada.
Dukungan untuk perubahan yang persisten dengan citra langsung ada pada Fedora 9. Kasus penggunaan yang utama adalah boot dari citra langsung dalam USB flash drive dan menyimpan perubahan ke perangkat yang sama. Untuk melakukan ini, unduh citra langsung dan jalankan perintah berikut:
livecd-iso-to-disk --overlay-size-mb 512 /path/to/live.iso /dev/sdb1
Ganti /dev/sdb1
dengan partisi tempat Anda akan menyimpan citranya.
Ganti 512
dengan ukuran yang diinginkan dalam megabyte dari data yang persisten, atau overlay. Perintah skrip shell livecd-iso-to-disk disimpan dalam direktori LiveOS
pada level teratas dari citra CD. Media USB harus memiliki cukup tempat kosong untuk citra langsung, ditambah overlay, ditambah data lain yang akan disimpan dalam media.
Pekerjaan telah dilanjutkan untuk mengintegrasikan citra langsung dengan sistem secara keseluruhan, dan mengembangkan perangkat yang digunakan untuk membangunnya. Perangkat livecd-creator sekarang menyediakan API untuk membangun front-end alternatif, sebagaimana juga perangkat untuk citra jenis lainnya.
Yang berikut ini adalah perbedaan dari pemasangan Fedora normal dengan citra langsung.
Citra langsung menyediakan paket lebih sedikit daripada yang tersedia dalam citra DVD biasa. Keduanya terkait ke repositori yang sama yang memiliki semua paket.
SSH secara default tidak diaktifkan. SSH tidak diaktifkan karena secara default username dalam Citra langsung tidak memiliki password. Namun demikian pemasangan ke hard disk akan meminta pembuatan username baru dan password.
Live image installations do not allow any package selection or upgrade capability since they copy the entire file system from media or USB disks, to the hard disk. After the installation is complete, and your system has been rebooted, you can add and remove packages as desired with the Add/Remove Packages tool, yum, or the other software management tools.
Citra Langsung ("Live images") tidak jalan pada arsitektur i586
.
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The following sections contain information regarding software packages that have undergone significant changes for Fedora 9. For easier access, they are generally organized using the same groups that are shown in the installation system.
The system-config-soundcard utility has been removed, due to numerous legacy design and implementation issues. Modern technologies, including udev and the HAL, have made certain sound cards work out of the box. Any sound card not working out of the box should be reported as a bug. Preferences can still be fine-tuned within the desktop environment, using, among others, the PulseAudio tools.
Fedora 9 now includes Perl 5.10.0, the first "major" release update in perl5 in some time. The Perl interpreter itself is faster with a smaller memory footprint, and has several UTF-8 and threading improvements. The Perl installation is now relocatable, a blessing for systems administrators and operating system packagers. Perl 5.10.0 also adds a new smart match operator, a switch statement, named captures, state variables, and better error messages.
Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, silakan ke:
The installonlyn
plugin functionality has
been folded into the core yum package. The
installonlypkgs
and
installonly_limit
options are used by default to
limit the system to retain only two kernel packages. You can
adjust the package set or the number of packages, or disable the
option entirely to match your preferences. More details are
available in the man page for yum.conf
.
The yum command now retries when it detects a lock. This function is useful if a daemon is checking for updates, or if you are running yum and one of its graphical frontends simultaneously.
The yum command now understands a cost parameter in its configuration file, which is the relative cost of accessing a software repository. It is useful for weighing one software repository's packages as greater or less than any other. The cost parameter defaults to 1000, with lower costs given priority.
In Fedora 9 Rawhide,
the /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-development.repo
file has been changed
to /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-rawhide.repo
. References
to development
in fedora-rawhide.repo
have been changed
to rawhide
. Due to the way that
RPM deals with configuration files, the
existing /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-development.repo
file is saved
as /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-development.repo.rpmsave
if it was previous modified. Users of the development repository
may need to update scripts custom configuration files to use the
new name.
Fasilitas pam_mount
sekarang menggunakan berkas konfigurasi dalam XML. Berkas /etc/security/pam_mount.conf
akan dikonversi ke /etc/security/pam_mount.conf.xml
selama pemutakhiran dengan /usr/bin/convert_pam_mount_conf.pl, yang akan membuang semua komentar. Semua berkas konfigurasi utk tiap user harus dikonversi secara manual, dengan skrip pengkonversi kalo mau. Contoh berkas pam_mount.conf.xml
dengan komentar rinci tentang berbagai pilihan yang tersedia dapat dilihat di /usr/share/doc/pam_mount-*/pam_mount.conf.xml
.
TeXLive is a replacement for the old, unmaintained TeX package. It offers new style packages and fixes many security problems with the old distribution.
The Linux Terminal Server Project (LTSP) has been included directly into Fedora 9. Work is ongoing. For the latest news and documentation, refer to:
The nautilus-open-terminal package now uses a GConf key to control its behavior when launched by right-clicking the Desktop. To enable its previous behavior, which opens the resulting terminal in the user's home directory, use this command:
gconftool-2 -s /apps/nautilus-open-terminal/desktop_opens_home_dir --type=bool true
The i810switch package has been removed. This functionality is now available through the xrandr command in the xorg-x11-server-utils package.
The evolution-exchange package replaces evolution-connector , and provides a capability under the old name.
The system-config-firewall and system-config-selinux packages replace system-config-security-level . The system-config-selinux package is part of the policycoreutils-gui package.
The pilot-link package now blacklists the visor
module by default. Users are encouraged to try the direct USB access present in recent versions of pilot-link. This is enabled by passing the --port usb:
option to the various pilot-link tools, instead of the serial devices used in the past (typically /dev/pilot
or /dev/ttyUSB0
, /dev/ttyUSB1
, and so forth). For example:
pilot-xfer --port usb: --list
The hal-info and hal packages have been updated to correctly set permissions for the necessary USB devices using PolicyKit. If you have any existing manual configurations, revert the changes to avoid possible conflicts.
For further information, refer to the README.fedora
included in the pilot-link package.
Informasi legal berikut terkait ke beberapa perangkat lunak dalam Fedora.
Portions Copyright (c) 2002-2007 Charlie Poole or Copyright (c) 2002-2004 James W. Newkirk, Michael C. Two, Alexei A. Vorontsov or Copyright (c) 2000-2002 Philip A. Craig
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This section covers changes and important information regarding the 2.6.25 based kernel in Fedora 9. The 2.6.25 kernel includes:
Dukungan Tickless untuk sisitem x86 64-bit (32-bit telah ditambahkan sebelumnya), yang memperbaiki pengelolaan daya.
Beberapa bagian dalam proyek kernel realtime
Kernel tersebut memiliki skema baru penamaan versi untuk lebih cocok dengan skema penamaan versi upstream.
Berkas spec kernel sekarang dinamai kernel.spec
bukan lagi kernel-2.6.spec
.
Berkas spec kernel memiliki macro yang memudahkan proses pembangunan kernel. Lihat pada http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/CustomKernel untuk informasi lebih lanjut.
The kernel in Fedora 9 no longer loads modules by default for
ISA sound cards. Load the module by hand using the command
modprobe module-name, or put an entry in
/etc/modprobe.conf
. For example, for the
Creative SoundBlaster AWE64, add the following entry:
install snd-sbawe
The Fedora kernel offers paravirt_ops
support in domU
, as part of the kernel
team's efforts to reduce the work required to produce current
Xen kernels.
Xen fully virtualized guests can directly boot a kernel and initrd image and pass kernel boot args. For more details refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/XenFullvirtKernelBoot.
Fedora may include additional patches to the kernel for improvements, bug fixes, or additional features. For this reason, the Fedora kernel may not be line-for-line equivalent to the so-called vanilla kernel from the kernel.org web site:
Untuk mendapatkan daftar patch tersebut, unduh paket RPM sumber dan jalankan perintah berikut:
rpm -qpl kernel-<version>.src.rpm
Untuk mengambil catatan perubahan dari suatu paket, jalankan perintah berikut:
rpm -q --changelog kernel-<version>
If you need a user friendly version of the changelog, refer to http://wiki.kernelnewbies.org/LinuxChanges. A short and full diff of the kernel is available from http://kernel.org/git. The Fedora version kernel is based on the Linus tree.
Kustomisasi yang dilakukan untuk versi Fedora tersedia dari http://cvs.fedoraproject.org.
Fedora 9 mengikutsertakan build kernel berikut:
Native kernel, for use in most systems. Configured sources are available in the kernel-devel package.
The kernel-PAE, for use in 32-bit x86 systems with more than 4GB of RAM, or with CPUs that have an NX (No eXecute) feature. This kernel support both uniprocessor and multi-processor systems. Configured sources are available in the kernel-PAE-devel package.
Virtualization kernel for use with the Xen emulator package. Configured sources are available in the kernel-xen-devel package.
You may install kernel headers for all kernel flavors at the same
time. The files are installed in the
/usr/src/kernels/
tree. Use the following command:
version
[-PAE|-xen|-kdump]-arch
/
su -c "yum install kernel{,-PAE,-xen,-kdump}-devel"
Select one or more of these flavors, separated by commas and no
spaces, as appropriate. Enter the
root
password when
prompted.
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x86 Kernel mengikutkan Kdump |
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Both the x86_64 and the i686 kernels are now relocatable, so they no longer require a separate kernel for kdump capability. PPC64 still requires a separate kdump kernel. |
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Default Kernel Provides SMP |
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There is no separate SMP kernel available for Fedora on i386, x86_64, and ppc64. Multiprocessor support is provided by the native kernel. |
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Dukungan Kernel PowerPC |
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There is no support for Xen or kdump for the PowerPC architecture in Fedora. 32-bit PowerPC does still have a separate SMP kernel. |
Fedora 9 does not include the kernel-source package provided by older versions since only the kernel-devel package is required now to build external modules. Configured sources are available, as described in Bagian 9.3, “Kernel Flavors”.
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Membangun Kernel Custom |
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For information on kernel development and working with custom kernels, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/CustomKernel. |
Refer to http://kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html for information on reporting bugs in the Linux kernel. You may also use http://bugzilla.redhat.com for reporting bugs that are specific to Fedora.
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This section details changes that affect Fedora graphical desktop users.
This release features GNOME 2.22.
The GNOME splash screen has been disabled upstream intentionally. To enable it, use gconf-editor or the following command:
gconftool-2 --set /apps/gnome-session/options/show_splash_screen --type bool true
The lock screen dialog theme is not connected to the selected screensaver in this release. To enable it, use gconf-editor or the following command:
gconftool-2 --set --type string /apps/gnome-screensaver/lock_dialog_theme "system"
Blinking cursors are enabled by default in this release, and are centrally managed via a gconf setting. To turn it off, run the following command:
gconftool-2 --type bool --set /desktop/gnome/interface/cursor_blink false
GNOME 2.22 features the new Gvfs, a userspace virtual
file-system with back-ends for sftp, ftp, dav, smb, obexftp, and
others. The Gvfs system is the replacement/successor of
gnome-vfs
.
Gvfs terdiri dari dua bagian:
GIO, which is a new shared library that is part of GLib and
provides the API for
gvfs
Gvfs itu sendiri, paket yang berisi back-end untuk beragam tipe sistem berkas dan protokol
The Gvfs system runs a single master daemon,
gvfsd
, that keeps
track of the current
gvfs
mounts. Most
mounts are run in a separate daemon process. Clients talk to the
mounts with a combination of DBus calls (on the session bus and
using peer-to-peer DBus) and a custom protocol for file
contents.
A few file-system types previously supported by
gnome-vfs
may not be
yet supported by gvfs
.
Work continues to provide completed solutions for all these
types.
The GNOME Display Manager
(gdm
) has been
updated to the latest upstream code, which is a complete rewrite driven by Fedora developers.
PolicyKit can be used to control shutdown and reboot. The configuration tool gdmsetup is currently missing, and is set to be replaced. For configuration changes, refer to the following:
http://live.gnome.org/GDM/2.22/Configuration
New features available on the login screen include:
pengaturan dan pengawasan power pada layar login, sehingga laptop akan melakukan hibernasi atau mati ketika batere hampir habis
daftar pengguna yang lebih cerdas
common default background between the login window and the desktop session, with no intermediate flicker
Untuk informasi lebih pada fitur ini:
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/NewGdm
Note: ~/.Xclients
and ~/.xsession
are no longer read automatically at login time. If you use either of these files, install the xorg-x11-xinit-session package.
This release features KDE 4.0.3. As the kdepim and kdevelop packages are not part of KDE 4.0 and kdewebdev is only partially available (no Quanta) in KDE 4.0, the KDE 3.5.9 versions of those packages are shipped.
KDE 4.0 features upgrades to core components such as the port to Qt 4. It also introduces a number of brand new frameworks such as the Phonon, a multimedia API; Solid, a hardware integration framework; Plasma, a re-written desktop and panel with many new concepts; integrated desktop search; compositing as a feature of KWin; and a brand new visual style called Oxygen. KDE 4.0.3 is a bugfix release from the KDE 4.0 release series.
Fedora 9 does not include the legacy KDE 3 Desktop. It does include a compatibility KDE 3 Development Platform, which can be used to build and run KDE 3 applications within KDE 4 or any other desktop environment. Refer to the Backwards Compatibility section for more details about what is included.
Since networkmanager
does
not work with the version of
NetworkManager available in this
release, the KDE Live images use
nm-applet
from
NetworkManager-gnome as a replacement. The
gnome-keyring-daemon
facility saves passwords for these encryption technologies. (The
dummy knetworkmanager package from Fedora 8
that only called
nm-applet
is no longer
used.)
As the native KWin window manager now optionally supports compositing and desktop effects, the KDE Live images no longer include Compiz/Beryl. The KWin compositing/effects mode is disabled by default, but can be enabled in systemsettings. Compiz (with KDE 4 integration) is available from the repository by installing the compiz-kde package.
Plasma replaces the old Kicker and KDesktop. Plasma manages both the panel and the desktop, and it is now possible to place the same Plasma applets (plasmoids) on both the panel and the desktop if the applet supports the size restrictions imposed by the panel.
The old KDE Control Center (KControl) has been replaced by System Settings (systemsettings).
The KDM login manager uses a new theme format. Therefore, KDM themes written for KDE 3 do not work with the KDM in KDE 4. KDM now includes support for theme configuration, thus the external kdmtheme tool is no longer needed.
All the above applications can be found in the kdebase-workspace package.
The packages qt , kdelibs , and kdebase now represent the KDE 4 version, obsoleting the qt4 , kdelibs4 , and kdebase4 packages in previous releases of Fedora.
The Qt/KDE 3 versions have been renamed qt3 , kdelibs3 , and kdebase3 . Fedora 9 only includes parts of kdebase3 . Refer to the Backwards Compatibility section for details.
Upstream KDE has split the kdebase module into three modules: kdebase-runtime , kdebase (sometimes called kdebase-apps to distinguish it from the old monolithic kdebase ), and kdebase-workspace . This split is reflected in the Fedora packages.
Fedora 9 menambahkan paket kdegames3 yang berisi permainan yang belum diport ke KDE 4.
Dolphin, bagian dari kdebase , menggantikan d3lphin .
The kdebase-workspace package now includes support for KDM theme configuration, and therefore obsoletes kdmtheme .
Okular menggantikan KPDF, KGhostView, dan KFax dalam kdegraphics .
Paket kaider menggantikan KBabel, yang merupakan bagian dari kdesdk .
Paket okteta menggantikan KHexEdit, yang merupakan bagian dari kdeutils .
Paket kalgebra dan marble saat ini merupakan bagian dari kdeedu .
Paket ksudoku saat ini merupakan bagian dari kdegames .
Paket gwenview saat ini merupakan bagian dari kdegraphics .
Paket kiconedit dan kcoloredit, yang dulunya merupakan bagian dari kdegraphics , saat ini merupakan paket terpisah.
The package kmid , which used to be part of kdemultimedia , is now a separate package.
The Fedora KDE team has decided to drop the -extras sub-packages, which contained deprecated or unstable applications, because those applications have been either fixed or dropped in KDE 4.
The package kdeadmin-kpackage has been split out of kdeadmin because KPackage now depends on smart .
KDE 4 dropped the kdeaddons module. Therefore, there is no kdeaddons package in Fedora 9. The Atlantik Designer, for use with kdegames3 , is still available as kdeaddons-atlantikdesigner. The ksig application and the konq-plugins Konqueror plugins are now their own packages, and extragear-plasma replaces the Kicker addons.
The Bluetooth feature in Fedora 9 (http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/BluetoothFedora9) has several enhancements specific to this release. The future generations of this feature are covered with greater detail at:
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureBluetooth
File sending to a Bluetooth device is now handled with the bluetooth-sendto program from the bluez-gnome package, which replaces gnome-obex-sen. Send a file in Nautilus from the function in the right-click context menu.
Pulling files from a Bluetooth device is now included in gnome-user-share , which has ObexFTP and ObexPush support built-in. Share files via (ObexFTP support), or pull files using ObexPush with .
Files on the remote Bluetooth device can be viewed directly in Nautilus through GVFS, which supports Bluetooth devices. Synchronizing a Bluetooth device with a personal information manager (PIM) device is done using gnome-pilot
Browsing of Bluetooth devices is done via the right-click context menu from the Bluetooth icon on the desktop panel.
Applications that require the Gecko engine have had to depend on the entirety of Firefox. XULRunner is the Mozilla effort to split the browser engine for applications that require only that functionality, and no user interface parts. This split provides more API/ABI stability and a cleaner build environment for applications using Gecko. Many of the applications in Fedora that previously used Gecko now are built against XULRunner.
For a current status, visit http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/XULRunner. To help with development, visit http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureXULRunnerAPIChanges.
For full upstream documentation, refer to http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XULRunner.
This release of Fedora includes version 3.0 of the popular Firefox web browser. Refer to http://firefox.com/ for more information about Firefox. The nspluginwrapper package is included by default even on 32-bit systems since it separates the plugins to run in their own address space, which increases security and reliability of the browser.
For information about Firefox 3.0 in Fedora, refer to this feature page:
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/Firefox3
Fedora includes swfdec and gnash , which are free and open source implementations of Flash. We encourage you to try either or them before seeking out Adobe's proprietary Flash plugin software.
Users of Fedora x86_64 must install the nspluginwrapper.i386 package to enable the 32-bit Adobe Flash plugin in x86_64 Firefox and the pulseaudio-libs.i386 package to enable sound from the plugin.
Membuat direktori plugin mozilla 32bit:
su -c "mkdir -p /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins"
Instal paket nspluginwrapper.i386 , nspluginwrapper.x86_64 , dan pulseaudio-libs.i386 :
su -c "yum install nspluginwrapper.{i386,x86_64} pulseaudio-libs.i386"
Install flash-plugin as shown above.
Run mozilla-plugin-config to register the flash plugin:
su -c "mozilla-plugin-config -i -g -v"
Close all Firefox windows, and then relaunch Firefox.
Type about:plugins
in the URL bar to
ensure the plugin is loaded.
PC speaker is enabled by default in Fedora. If you do not prefer this, there are two ways to circumvent the sounds:
Reduce its volume to a acceptable level or completely mute the PC speaker in alsamixer with the setting for .
Disable the PC speaker system wide by running the following commands in a console.
su - modprobe -r pcspkr echo "install pcspkr :" >> /etc/modprobe.conf
The new clock applet in the GNOME panel has expanded to support additional international timezones in the display, as well as weather information for each configured timezone displayed. This work, which involved merging intlclock with the GNOME clock applet, provides all the functionality of system-config-date and the weather applet. Additional features include: users can choose arbtirary locations instead of principal timezones; UI enhancements for new and old functions; and full weather information shown in a tool tip.
Baca lebih lanjut mengenai fitur ini:
There is a new default spell checking back-end, hunspell, for both the GNOME and KDE desktops, as well as applications such as OpenOffice.org, Firefox, and other XULRunner-based applications. This common back-end includes a set of shared, multi-lingual dictionaries for use with hunspell. This feature uses a single set of common dictionaries regardless of the application, which gives consistent suggestions for misspelled words and uses less diskspace by eliminating duplicate dictionaries.
Details on this effort are here:
Fedora 9 ships with Compiz 0.7.2, which improves multi-display support, adds KDE4 support, adds a configurable middle and right-click button, and mouse wheel actions for GTK Window Decorator. Compiz 0.7.2 adds many improvements and bug fixes.
For further details, refer to the Compiz 0.7.2 release announcement:
http://lists.compiz-fusion.org/pipermail/community/2008-March/000168.html
Due to a bug in the shipping xorg-x11-drv-vmmouse driver, the mouse position may not be correctly positioned on a virtual machine guest's display. As a workaround until an update, add Option NoAutoAddDevices
to the ServerFlags
section of /etc/X11/xorg.conf
in the guest machine. Create the section if necessary:
Section "ServerFlags" Option "NoAutoAddDevices" EndSection
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Fedora 9 provides basic support for encrypted swap partitions and
non-root file systems. To use it, add entries to
/etc/crypttab
and reference the created devices
in /etc/fstab
.
New in Fedora 9, the installer Anaconda has support for creating encrypted file systems during installation. For more information on that, refer to the Fedora Installation Guide.
Installing to encrypted volumes, including the root file system, is now supported. There is no configuration tool for adding or removing keys from volumes at a later time, or otherwise doing modification of the encryption. Refer to this feature page for more information:
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureEncryptedFilesystems
For full instructions on using encrypted file systems, refer to the Fedora Encryption and Privacy Guide.
The new ext4 file system is available in Fedora 9 as a nearly feature complete preview. While an ext3 file system can be mounted as ext4, an ext3 to ext4 conversion tool is planned that converts existing ext3 on-disk format to ext4.
Fedora 9 may be installed onto an ext4 file system by adding the ext4
option to the installer boot parameters and selecting custom partitioning.
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e2fsprogs userspace tools |
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The e2fsprogs userspace tools shipping with Fedora 9 are not yet fully ext4-capable. In particular, fsck ability is limited. |
Untuk informasi lebih mengenai fitur ini:
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Pemakai modul mod_dbd
harus ingat bahwa penggerak DBD apr-util
untuk PostgreSQL sekarang didistribusikan sebagai modul 'dynamically-loaded' terpisah. Modul penggerak sekarang dimasukkan ke dalam paket apr-util-pgsql package. Penggerak MySQL sekarang juga tersedia, di dalam paket apr-util-mysql.
SQLAlchemy telah dimutakhirkan ke 0.4.x. Aplikasi TurboGears yang dibangun menggunakan SQLAlchemy untuk layer databasenya perlu memutakhirkan skrip pemulai. Instead of:
import pkg_resources pkg_resources.require('TurboGears')
script pemulai perlu memiliki:
__requires__ = 'TurboGears[future]' import pkg_resources
Drupal telah dimutakhirkan dari seri 5.x ke seri 6.2. Untuk lebih rinci, lihat di:
Ingat untuk masuk ke situs anda sebagai user admin, dan non-aktifkan semua modul pihak ketiga sebelum memperbarui paket ini. Setelah memperbarui paket ini:
Salin /etc/drupal/default/settings.php.rpmsave
ke /etc/drupal/default/settings.php
, dan ulangi untuk setiap berkas settings.php.
Kunjungi http://host/drupal/update.php untuk menjalankan skrip pemutakhiran.
Squid has been updated from version 2.6 to 3.0.STABLE2. The configuration files are not entirely backwards compatible. For further details, refer to the Squid release notes:
http://www.squid-cache.org/Versions/v3/3.0/squid-3.0.STABLE2-RELEASENOTES.html
As well, due to a bug, the transparent proxy does not work. This should be resolved after the first update.
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Bagian ini adalah mengenai server surat elektronis atau agen pengiriman surat (MTA).
By default, the Sendmail mail transport agent (MTA) does not accept network connections from any host other than the local computer. To configure Sendmail as a server for other clients:
Edit /etc/mail/sendmail.mc
and either
change the DAEMON_OPTIONS
line to also listen
on network devices, or comment out this option entirely using
the dnl
comment delimiter.
Pasang paket sendmail-cf:
yum install sendmail-cf
Regenerasi /etc/mail/sendmail.cf
:
make -C /etc/mail
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This section covers various development tools and features.
This release of Fedora has been built with GCC 4.3.0, which is included with the distribution.
For more information on GCC 4.3, refer to:
Starting with gcc-4.1.2-25 and
glibc-2.6.90-14 , the
-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2
option protects not only
C code, but also C++. There have been several security issues
already which would not have been exploitable if this checking
was in place earlier. Refer to this
announcement:
https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-devel-announce/2007-September/msg00015.html untuk rincian lebih lanjut.
This release of Fedora includes Fedora Eclipse, based on the Eclipse SDK version 3.3.2. The 3.3.x series of releases has a "New and Noteworthy" page, and release notes specific to 3.3.2 are also available.
The Eclipse SDK is known variously as "the Eclipse Platform," "the Eclipse IDE," and "Eclipse." The Eclipse SDK is the foundation for the combined release of twenty-one Eclipse projects under the Callisto combined release umbrella:
Some of the Europa projects are included in Fedora:
CDT untuk pengembangan C/C++:
GEF, Graphical Editing Framework:
Mylyn, a task-focused UI for Eclipse, along with task connectors for Bugzilla and Trac:
Other Eclipse projects available in Fedora include:
Subclipse, for integrating Subversion version control:
PyDev, untuk membangun dengan Python:
PHPeclipse, untuk membangun dengan PHP:
E.P.I.C, for developing perl:
Photran, for developing in Fortran:
Assistance in getting more projects packaged and tested with GCJ is always welcome. Contact the interested parties through fedora-devel-java-list and/or #fedora-java on freenode:
http://www.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/fedora-devel-java-list/
Fedora also includes plugins and features that are particularly useful to FLOSS hackers, ChangeLog editing with eclipse-changelog , and Bugzilla interaction with eclipse-mylyn-bugzilla . Our CDT package, eclipse-cdt , includes a snapshot release of work to integrate with the GNU Autotools. There is also eclipse-rpm-editor for editing RPM specfiles.
The latest information regarding these projects can be found at the Fedora Eclipse Project page:
http://sourceware.org/eclipse/
Fedora Eclipse allows non-root users to make use of the Update Manager functionality for installing non-packaged plugins and features. Such plugins are installed in the user's home directory under the .eclipse
directory.
Users upgrading from Fedora 8 should be aware that cached content in their home directory may not be flushed properly (see Eclipse bug #215034). To work around this issue, run Eclipse from a terminal with the -clean
option. Note: this only needs to be done once.
Do not try to run Fedora's x86_64 Eclipse packages on Sun's 32-bit JRE. They will fail. Either switch to a 64-bit proprietary JRE, or, if available, install the 32-bit version of the packages. To install a 32-bit version, run the following command (SWT is given as an example):
yum install libswt3-gtk2.i386
Likewise, the 32-bit JNI libraries shipped by default on ppc64 systems do not run with a 64-bit JRE. To install the 64-bit version, use the following command:
yum install package_name
.ppc64
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Bagian berikut ini menampilkan beragam masalah keamanan dari Fedora.
Fedora terus memperbaiki banyak fitur keamanan proaktif.
Paket glibc dalam Fedora 8 memiliki dukungan untuk password menggunakan hashing SHA-256 dan SHA-512. Sebelumnya, yang tersedia hanya DES dan MD5. Perangkat ini telah dikembangkan dalam Fedora 9. Hashing Password menggunakan SHA-256 dan SHA-512 sekarang telah didukung.
Untuk berganti ke SHA-256 atau SHA-512 pada sistem yang telah terpasang, gunakan perintah authconfig --passalgo=sha256 --update atau authconfig --passalgo=sha512 --update. Alternatifnya, gunakan peralatan GUI authconfig-gtk untuk konfigurasi metode hashing. Akun pengguna yang sudah ada tidak akan terpengaruh sampai mereka mengganti password.
SHA-512 digunakan secara default pada sistem yang baru dipasang. Algoritma lain dapat digunakan hanya untuk pemasangan kickstart, dengan menggunakan pilihan --passalgo
atau --enablemd5
untuk perintah kickstart auth
. Jika instalasi Anda tidak menggunakan kickstart, gunakan perintah authconfig sebagaimana digambarkan di atas, dan kemudian mengganti password user root, dan password untuk pemakai lainyang dibuat setelah pemasangan.
Pilihan baru sekarang muncul dalam paket - paket libuser , pam , dan shadow-utils untuk mendukung algoritma hashing password ini. Menjalankan perintah authconfig melakukan konfigurasi semuanya secara otomatis, jadi tidak perlu mengubah secara otomatis.
Nilai baru untuk pilihan crypt_style
, dan pilihan - pilihan baru hash_rounds_min
, dan hash_rounds_max
, sekarang didukung dalam [defaults]
bagian dari /etc/libuser.conf
. Lihat ke halaman man libuser.conf(5) untuk rinciannya.
Pilihan baru, sha256
, sha512
, dan rounds
, sekarang didukung dengan modul PAM pam_unix
. Lihat halaman man pam_unix(8) untuk rinciannya.
Pilihan baru, ENCRYPT_METHOD
, SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS
, dan SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS
, sekarang didukung dalam /etc/login.defs
. Lihat pada halaman man login.defs(5) untuk rinciannya. Pilihan yang berkaitanditambahkan ke perintah chpasswd(8) dan perintah newusers(8).
Proteksi FORTIFY_SOURCE sekarang mencakup asprintf
, dprintf
, vasprintf
, vdprintf
, obstack_printf
dan obstack_vprintf
. Pengembangan ini khususnya berguna untuk aplikasi yang menggunakan paket pustaka glib2, karena beberapa fungsi menggunakan vasprintf
.
Peran yang berbeda sekarang tersedie, untuk memungkinkan akses kontrol yang lebih halus:
guest_t
tidak diijinkan untuk menjalankan binari setuid, membuat koneksi jaringan, atau mempergunakan GUI.
xguest_t
tidak mengijinkan akses kecuali untuk HTTP melalui peramban web, dan tanpa binari setuid.
user_t
cocok untuk perngguna kantoran: mencegah menjadi root melalui aplikasi setuid.
staff_t
sama dengan user_t
, bedanya adalah akses root melalui sudo diijinkan.
unconfined_t
menyediakan akses penuh, sama saja dengan tidak mempergunakan SELinux.
Demikian juga, plug-ins browser yang dibungkus dengan nspluginwrapper, yang merupakan default, sekarang berjalan terbatas.
Dalam Fedora 9, perilaku default firewall telah diubah. Tidak ada port yang dibuka, kecuali untuk SSH (22), yang dibuka oleh aplikasi Anaconda.
Untuk pengenalan umum untuk fitur keamanan proaktif dalam Fedora, status sekarang, dan kebijakan dapat dilihat pada http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Security.
Halaman proyek SELinux memiliki tips troubleshooting, penjelasan, dan pranala ke dokumentasi dan referensi.Beberapa pranala yang berguna termasuk yang berikut:
Halaman proyek SELinux yang baru: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SELinux
Troubleshooting tips: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SELinux/Troubleshooting
Pertanyaan yang sering ditanyakan: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/selinux-faq/
Daftar perintah SELinux: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SELinux/Commands
Rincian dari "confined domain": http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SELinux/Domains
IPA Bebas adalah pengelolaan terpusat identitas, kebijakan, dan instalasi audit.
Pemasang server IPA menggunakan asumsi sistem yang relatif bersih, memasang dan mengeset beberapa layanan:
Sebuah Instan Fedora Directory Server
KDC
Apache
ntpd
TurboGears
Beberapa upaya telah dilakukan untuk memungkinkan membalikkan perubahan yang telah dilakukan tapi tidak semuanya dijamin. Demikian juga perangkat ipa-client-install menulis ulang berkas konfigurasi PAM (/etc/pam.conf
) dan konfigurasi Kerberos (/etc/krb5.conf
).
IPA tidak mendukung instansi lain dari Fedora Directory Server dalam mesin yang sama saat pemasangan, bahkan menyimak pada port yang berbeda. Untuk memasang IPA, instansi yang lain harus dibuang. IPA sendiri dapat menangani pembuangan ini.
Sekarang belum ada mekanisme untuk migrasi pengguna yang telah ada ke dalam server IPA.
Server melakukan konfigurasi sendiri menjadi klien dari dirinya sendiri. Jika Directory Server atau KDC gagal memulai saat boot, harap boot ke dalam modus pengguna tunggal untuk memperbaiki isu ini.
Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, silakan mengacu ke halaman fitur:
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Fedora 9 includes OpenJDK 6, a Free Software implementation of the Java Platform, Standard Edition. OpenJDK 6 is not yet Java compatible; work is underway to certify it.
Fedora will track Sun's stable OpenJDK 6 branch.
The OpenJDK 6 packages, java-1.6.0-openjdk*
,
replace their
IcedTea
counterparts, java-1.7.0-icedtea*
. The Fedora
8 IcedTea packages track the unstable OpenJDK 7 branch, whereas
the java-1.6.0-openjdk*
packages track the
stable OpenJDK 6 branch. The decision to have OpenJDK 6 replace
IcedTea was made for several reasons:
Sun has replaced most of the encumbrances for which IcedTea was providing replacements. For the rest of the encumbrances, replacements have been merged from the IcedTea project.
IcedTea's mandate is to merge as much as possible with OpenJDK, so the differences between IcedTea and OpenJDK should diminish over time.
OpenJDK 6 is a stable branch, whereas OpenJDK 7 is unstable, and is not expected to ship a stable release until 2009.
Sun has licensed the OpenJDK trademark for use in Fedora.
Shipping both OpenJDK 6 and IcedTea would have been confusing, and would have added size to the distribution.
IcedTea continues to provide autotools support (
autoconf , automake ,
libtool , and so on), a portable interpreter
for PowerPC and 64-bit PowerPC architectures, plugin support, Web
Start support, and patches to integrate OpenJDK into Fedora. The
IcedTea sources are included in the
java-1.6.0-openjdk
SRPM.
If IcedTea is already installed, the package changeover does not happen automatically. The packages related to IcedTea based on OpenJDK 7 must first be erased, then the new OpenJDK 6 packages installed.
su -c "yum erase java-1.7.0-icedtea{,-plugin}" su -c "yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk{,-plugin}"
Upstream OpenJDK does not provide a plugin. The Fedora OpenJDK
packages include an adaptation of
gcjwebplugin
, that runs untrusted applets
safely in a Web browser. The plugin is packaged as
java-1.6.0-openjdk-plugin
.
The gcjwebplugin
adaptation has no
support for the
bytecode-to-JavaScript
bridge (LiveConnect). Applets that rely on this bridge
will not work. Experimental LiveConnect support exists in the
IcedTea repository, but is not ready for deployment in Fedora.
The gcjwebplugin
adaptation does not
support
signed
applets. Signed applets will run in untrusted mode.
Experimental support for signed applets is present in the
IcedTea repository, but it is not ready for deployment in
Fedora.
The gcjwebplugin
security policy may be
too restrictive. To enable restricted applets, run the
firefox -g command in a terminal window to
see what is being restricted, and then grant the restricted
permission in the
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0/jre/lib/security/java.policy
file.
Upstream OpenJDK does not provide Web Start support. Experimental Web Start support via NetX is present in the IcedTea repository, but is not ready for deployment in Fedora.
Fedora includes many packages derived from the JPackage Project. Some of these packages are modified in Fedora to remove proprietary software dependencies, and to make use of GCJ's ahead-of-time compilation feature. Use the Fedora repositories to update these packages, or use the JPackage repository for packages not provided by Fedora. Refer to the JPackage website for more information about the project, and the software it provides.
An incompatibility between Fedora and the JPackage jpackage-utils , that prevented installing JPackage's jpackage-utils on Fedora, is resolved in this release.
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Mixing Packages from Fedora and JPackage |
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Research package compatibility before you install software from both the Fedora and JPackage repositories on the same system. Incompatible packages may cause complex issues. |
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Fedora 9 features the Upstart initialization system. All System V
init scripts should run fine in compatibility mode. However, users
who have made customizations to their
/etc/inittab
file will need to port those
modifications to upstart. For information on how upstart works, see the init(8) and initctl(8) man pages. For information on writing upstart scripts, see the events(5) man page, and also the Upstart Getting Started Guide:
http://upstart.ubuntu.com/getting-started.html
Due to the change of init systems, it is recommended that users who do an upgrade on a live file system to Fedora 9, reboot soon afterwards.
Fedora 9 features NetworkManager. NetworkManager 0.7 provides improved mobile broadband support, including GSM and CDMA devices, and now supports multiple devices, ad-hoc networking for sharing connections, and the use of system-wide network configuration. It is now enabled by default on all installations. When using NetworkManager, be aware of the following:
NetworkManager does not currently support all virtual device types. Users who use bridging, bonding, or VLANs may need to switch to the old network service after configuration of those interfaces.
NetworkManager starts the network asynchronously. Users who have applications that require the network to be fully initialized during boot should set the NETWORKWAIT
variable in /etc/sysconfig/network
. Please file bugs about cases where this is necessary, so we can fix the applications in question.
Autofs is no longer installed by default. Users who wish to use Autofs can choose it from the
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Fedora includes applications for assorted multimedia functions, including playback, recording, and editing. Additional packages are available through the Fedora Package Collection software repository. For additional information about multimedia in Fedora, refer to the Multimedia section of the Fedora Project website at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Multimedia.
The default installation of Fedora includes Rhythmbox and Totem for media playback. The Fedora repositories include many other popular programs such as the XMMS player and KDE's amaroK. Both GNOME and KDE have a selection of players that can be used with a variety of formats. Third parties may offer additional programs to handle other formats.
Totem, the default movie player for GNOME, now has the ability to switch playback back-ends without recompilation or switching packages. To install the xine back-end, run the following command as root:
yum install totem-xine
To run Totem with the xine back-end once, run the following command as root:
totem-backend -b xine totem
To change the default back-end to xine for the entire system, run the following command as root:
totem-backend -b xine
While using the xine back-end, it is possible to temporarily use the GStreamer back-end. To use the GStreamer back-end, run the following command as root:
totem-backend -b gstreamer
Fedora includes complete support for the Ogg media container format and the Vorbis audio, Theora video, Speex audio and FLAC lossless audio formats. These freely-distributable formats are not encumbered by patent or license restrictions. They provide powerful and flexible alternatives to more popular, restricted formats. The Fedora Project encourages the use of open source formats in place of restricted ones. For more information on these formats and how to use them, refer to the Xiph.Org Foundation's web site at http://www.xiph.org/.
Fedora cannot include support for MP3 or DVD video playback or recording. The MP3 formats are patented, and the patent holders have not provided the necessary licenses. DVD video formats are patented and equipped with an encryption scheme. The patent holders have not provided the necessary licenses, and the code needed to decrypt CSS-encrypted discs may violate the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, a copyright law of the United States. Fedora also excludes other multimedia software due to patent, copyright, or license restrictions, including Adobe's Flash Player and Real Media's Real Player. For more on this subject, please refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems.
While other MP3 options may be available for Fedora, Fluendo now offers an MP3 plugin for GStreamer that has the related patents licensed for end users. This plugin enables MP3 support in applications that use the GStreamer framework as a backend. We cannot distribute this plugin in Fedora for licensing reasons, but it offers a new solution for an old problem. For more information, refer to the Installing Fluendo MP3 Plug-in or Installing MP3 Plug-in with Codeina pages.
Fedora include a variety of tools for easily mastering and burning CDs and DVDs. GNOME users can burn directly from the Nautilus file manager. The Fedora software repositories also contain additional software, such as brasero , gnomebaker , or k3b , for these tasks. Console tools include wodim, readom, genisoimage, and other popular applications.
You can use Fedora to create and play back screencasts, which are recorded desktop sessions, using open technologies. Fedora includes istanbul , which creates screencasts using the Theora video format, and 'byzanz', which creates screencasts as animated GIF files. You can play back these videos using one of several players included in Fedora. This is the preferred way to submit screencasts to the Fedora Project for either developers or end-users. For more comprehensive instructions, refer to the ScreenCasting page.
Most of the media players in Fedora support the use of plugins to add support for additional media formats and sound output systems. Some use powerful backends like the gstreamer package to handle media format support and sound output. Fedora offers plugin packages for these backends and for individual applications, and third parties may offer additional plugins to add even greater capabilities.
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Fedora provides a selection of games that cover a variety of genres. Users can install a small package of games for GNOME (called gnome-games ) and KDE ( kdegames ). There are also many additional games that span every major genre available in the repositories.
The Fedora Project website features a section dedicated to games that details many of the available games, including overviews and installation instructions. For more information, refer to:
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Games
For a list of other games that are available for installation, select
→ , or via the command line:yum groupinfo "Games and Entertainment"
For help using yum to install the assorted game packages, refer to the guide available at
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Virtualisasi dalam Fedora 9 memasukkan banyak perubahan besar, dan fitur - fitur baru, yang melanjutkan dukungan untuk Xen dan platform KVM.
Kernel Xen sekarang berbasis pada implementasi operasi paravirtual dari kernel upstream. Sebelumnya, kernel Xen dibuat dengan cara memporting Xen bits dari kernel 2.6.18 ke kernel Fedora saat ini. Tugas ini sangat sulit dan membutuhkan kerja yang intensif, dan hasilnya kernel Xen yang dirilis selalu tertinggal dibandingkan kernel biasa. Dengan dimasukkannya operasi paravirtual saat ini membuat proses ini menjadi tidak perlu. Hingga operasi paravirtual digabungkan ke kernel upstream, Xen tidak memerlukan lagi kernel terpisah.
Namun demikian, kernel Xen sekarang tidak ada dukungan Dom0. Host Xen/Dom0 yang telah ada harus terus menggunakan Fedora 8. Dukungan untuk Xen/Dom0 akan ditambahkan kembali dalam Fedora 10.
Fully virtualized Linux guests now have 3 possible installation methods:
Boot PXE dari jaringan.
Penggerak CDROM lokal / citra ISO.
Install menggunakan jaringan dari distribusi FTP/HTTP/NFS.
Yang terakhir memungkinkan pemasangan secara otomatis menggunakan berkas kickstart. Ini menyediakan pemisah antara HVM Xen dan tamu KVM dalam kaitan dengan metode pemasangan.
Untuk informasi lebih silakan lihat: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/XenFullvirtKernelBoot.
Sebelumnya, Fedora mengenalkan kemampuan untuk mengelola domain tamu yang telah ada menggunakan paket libvirt. Dulu tidak mungkin membuat tamu baru karenakekurangan kemampuan penyimpanan. Dalam Fedora 9, pengelolaan penyimpanan yang baru dapat membuat dan menghapus volum penyimpanan dari sebuah remote host menggunakan paket libvirt .
Sebelumnya, aplikasi virt-manager berjalan sebagai root saat mengatur 'hypervisor' lokal, dan menggunakan consolehelper untuk otentikasi dari sesi desktop. Menjalankan aplikasi GTK sebagai root adalah praktek yang salah. Integrasi PolicyKit sekarang memungkinkan menjalankan virt-manager sebagai pemakai biasa.
Sebelumnya, Fedora mengenalkan dukungan untuk pengaturan jarak jauh secara aman menggunakan TLS/SSL, dan sertifikat x509. Fedora 9 mengembangkan kemampuan pengaturan jarak jauh dengan menambah dukungan untuk otentikasi menggunakan basis data password, pengatur domain Kerberos, atau sistem otentikasi menggunakan PAM. Fitur ini berlaku untuk semua perangkat yang menggunakan libvirt.
Fedora juga memasukkan perbaikan berikut dalam virtualisasi:
perangkat baru P2V, dikemas sebagai Live CD, untuk mengonversi pemasangan 'bare-metal' ke 'virtual guest'
perangkat baru, xenner, untuk menjalankan kernel Xen-paravirtual di atas KVM
penyimpan dan jaringan 'paravirtual-drivers' untuk tamu KVM
dukungan penuh untuk pemantauan jaringan dan statistik blok QEMU dan KVM dalam libvirt dan virt-top, mensejajarkan diri dengan pemantauan statistik yang dulu hanya tersedia untuk tamu Xen
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Bagian ini berisi informasi yang berkaitan dengan implementasi sistem X Windows, X.Org yang tersedia dalam Fedora.
Fedora 9 mempunyai beberapa perubahan yang dirancang untuk membuat X lebih cepat dalam memulai dan menutup dan juga membuat beberapa pengembangan. Rincian mengenai proyek ini dapat ditemukan dalam halaman fitur ini:
X.Org 1.4.99 X server telah diubah untuk secara otomatis mengetahui dan mengkonfigurasi sebagian besar perangkat keras, menghilangkan perlunya mengubah berkas /etc/X11/xorg.conf
. Konfigurasi perangkat keras yang dikonfigurasi secara default dalam berkas konfigurasi xorg.conf
ditulis oleh Anaconda adalah:
driver grafis, dan
peta papan ketik
Semua perangkat keras lain, seperti monitor (LCD dan CRT), mouse USB, dan touchpad, seharusnya sudah dikenali dan otomatis dikonfigurasi.
X server menguji monitor yang terpasang untuk jangka resolusi, dan mencoba memilih resolusi tertinggi yang tersedia dengan perbandingan aspek yang benag untuk tampilan tersebut. Set resolusi yang diinginkan dalam
→ → , dan resolusi untuk sistem dalam → → .Jika berkas konfigurasi /etc/X11/xorg.conf
tidak ada, X secara otomatis akan mendeteksi penggerak ('driver') yang sesuai, dan mengambil tatanan papan kunci US 105-tombol.
Pada situasi tertentu, penggerak ('driver') evdev
digunakan, bahkan ketika penggerak kbd
disebutkan dalam berkas /etc/X11/xorg.conf
. Membuang penggerak evdev
akan menghasilkan kesalahan dan peringatan seperti berikut:
(WW) Warning, couldn't open module evdev (II) UnloadModule: "evdev" (EE) Failed to load module "evdev" (module does not exist, 0) (EE) No input driver matching `evdev' [config/hal] NewInputDeviceRequest failed (II) LoadModule: "evdev"
Dalam Fedora 9, setting XKB dibaca dari berkas /etc/sysconfig/keyboard
, yang memberikan pemakai tatanan yang benar. Pilihan KEYTABLE
, diset dalam berkas /etc/sysconfig/keyboard
, juga menset tatanan untuk X. Variabel XKB_VARIANT
dan XKB_OPTIONS
dapat dikonfigurasi untuk kustomisasi XKB.
Lihat pada halaman Penggerak Xorg Pihak Ketiga untuk panduan rinci pada penggerak video pihak ketiga.
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Catatan rilis ini mungkin sudah dimutakhirkan. Untuk melihat versi terakhir catatan rilis untuk Fedora, kunjungi: |
Fedora now provides MySQL 5.0.51.a. For a list of the enhancements provided by this version, refer to http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/mysql-nutshell.html.
For more information on upgrading databases from previous releases of MySQL, refer to the MySQL website at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/upgrade.html.
The MySQL DBD driver has been dual-licensed and the related licensing issues have been resolved (https://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=222237). The resulting apr-util-mysql package is now included in the Fedora software repositories.
This release of Fedora includes PostgreSQL 8.3.0. For more information on this new version, refer to http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/release-8-3.html.
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Upgrade Database |
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Before upgrading an existing Fedora system with a PostgreSQL database, check and then follow, if necessary, the procedure described at http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/interactive/install-upgrading.html. Otherwise the data may be not accessible by the new version of PostgreSQL. |
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Catatan Rilis Mutakhir di Web |
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Catatan rilis ini mungkin sudah dimutakhirkan. Untuk melihat versi terakhir catatan rilis untuk Fedora, kunjungi: |
Bagian ini membicarakan dukungan bahasa dalam Fedora.
Localisasi (terjemahan) Fedora dikoordinir oleh Fedora Localization Project.
Internationalisasi Fedora dimaintain oleh Fedora I18n Project.
Fedora menampilkan beragam perangkat lunak yang diterjemahkan ke banyak bahasa. Untuk daftar bahasa silakan lihat di statistik terjemahan untuk Anaconda, yang merupakan satu dari aplikasi inti dalam Fedora.
Untuk memasang dukungan bahasa tambahak dari kelompok Languages, gunakan → , atau jalankan perintah berikut:
su -c "yum groupinstall bahasa
-support"
In the command above, language
is one
of assamese
, bengali
,
chinese
, gujarati
,
hindi
, japanese
,
kannada
, korean
,
malayalam
, marathi
,
oriya
, punjabi
,
sinhala
, tamil
,
telegu
, thai
, and so on.
SCIM users upgrading from earlier releases of Fedora are strongly urged to install scim-bridge-gtk . This application works well with third-party C++ applications linked against older versions of libstdc++ .
Untuk menambahkan dukungan SCIM untuk masukan dalam bahasa tertentu, pasang paket scim-lang-LANG
, di mana LANG
merupakan salah satu dari assamese
, bengali
, chinese
, dhivehi
, farsi
, gujarati
, hindi
, japanese
, kannada
, korean
, latin
, malayalam
, marathi
, oriya
, punjabi
, sinhalese
, tamil
, telugu
, thai
, or tibetan
.
Transifex is Fedora's online tool to facilitate contributing translations to projects hosted on remote and disparate version control systems. Many of the core packages use Transifex to receive translations from numerous contributors.
Through a combination of new Web tools, community growth, and better processes, translators can contribute directly to any upstream project through one translator-oriented Web interface. Developers of projects with no existing translation community can easily reach out to Fedora's established community for translations. In turn, translators can reach out to numerous projects related to Fedora to easily contribute translations.
Fonts for all available languages are installed by default on the desktop to give good default language coverage. dejavu-fonts replaces dejavu-lgc-fonts as the default system font.
Paket wqy-zenkai-fonts telah ditambahkan.
Paket samyak-fonts telah ditambahkan.
Paket sarai-fonts telah ditambahkan.
The smc-fonts package has been added for Malayalam.
VLGothic-fonts is the new default font for Japanese in Fedora 9. It now has a subpackage VLGothic-fonts-proportional for its proportional version.
Paket madan-fonts telah ditambahkan.
The thaifonts-scalable package has been added, making Thai TrueType fonts available in Fedora.
It is now possible to start and stop the of Input Methods in GTK
applications during runtime thanks to the new
imsettings framework. The
GTK_IM_MODULE
environment variable is no longer
needed by default but can still be used to override the
imsettings.
With the new imsettings framework, im-chooser can now start and stop Input Method usage dynamically on the GNOME Desktop.
Metode masukan hanya akan berjalan secara default pada desktop yang menjalankan locale Asia. Daftar yang sekarang adalah: as
, bn
, gu
, hi
, ja
, kn
, ko
, ml
, mr
, ne
, or
, pa
, si
, ta
, te
, th
, ur
, vi
, zh
. Gunakan im-chooser lewat → → → untuk mengaktifkan dan mematikan penggunaan metode masukan pada desktop Anda.
SCIM now only defines trigger hotkeys for Asian languages as in the following table:
Bahasa |
Trigger hotkeys |
Cina |
|
Indic |
|
Jepang |
|
Korea |
|
Tabel 1. Hotkeys
Rilis ini menambahkan paket scim-python, yang mengijinkan penulisan Input Method Engine untuk SCIM di python.
The scim-python package also includes a subpackage scim-python-pinyin that provides PinYin and ShuangPin Input Methods for improved input of Simplified Chinese. The PinYin Input Method replaces scim-pinyin as the default input method for Simplified Chinese. The scim-python-xingma package provides a number of tables for other Chinese input methods.
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Catatan Rilis Mutakhir di Web |
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Catatan rilis ini mungkin sudah dimutakhirkan. Untuk melihat versi terakhir catatan rilis untuk Fedora, kunjungi: |
Fedora provides legacy system libraries for compatibility with older software. This software is part of the Legacy Software Development group, which is not installed by default. Users who require this functionality may select this group either during installation or after the installation process is complete. To install the package group on a Fedora system, use → or enter the following command in a terminal window:
su -c "yum groupinstall 'Legacy Software Development'"
Enter the password for the
root
account when
prompted.
The compat-gcc-34 package has been included for compatibility reasons:
https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-devel-list/2006-August/msg00409.html
Fedora now features KDE 4.0, and no longer offers KDE 3 as a full desktop environment. Fedora does provide the following KDE 3.5 library packages to run and build the many existing KDE 3 applications:
qt3 , qt3-devel (dan paket qt3-* lainnya): Qt 3.3.8b
kdelibs3 , kdelibs3-devel : KDE 3 libraries
kdebase3 , kdebase3-devel : KDE 3 core files required by some applications
In addition, Fedora offers a kdegames3 package that includes games not ported to KDE 4 yet, and a KDE 3 version of libkdegames required by some third-party KDE 3 games.
Moreover, the KDE 4 kdebase-runtime package, which provides khelpcenter , also sets up khelpcenter as a service for KDE 3 applications, so help in KDE 3 applications works. The KDE 3 version of khelpcenter is no longer provided, and the KDE 4 version is used instead.
Paket ini dirancang untuk:
comply with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), and
be completely safe to install in parallel with KDE 4, including the -devel packages.
In order to achieve this goal, Fedora KDE SIG members have made two changes to the KDE 4 kdelibs-devel packages:
The library symlinks are installed to
/usr/lib/kde4/devel
or
/usr/lib64/kde4/devel
depending on system
architecture.
The kconfig_compiler and makekdewidgets tools have been renamed kconfig_compiler4 and makekdewidgets4 , respectively.
These changes should be completely transparent to the vast
majority of KDE 4 applications that use cmake
to build, since FindKDE4Internal.cmake
has
been patched to match these changes. The KDE SIG made these
changes to the KDE 4 kdelibs-devel rather than
to kdelibs3-devel because KDE 4 stores these
locations in a central place, whereas KDE 3 applications usually
contain hardcoded copies of the library search paths and
executable names.
Note that kdebase3 does not include the following:
A complete KDE 3 desktop (workspace) which could be used instead of KDE 4; in particular, KDE 3 versions of KWin, KDesktop, Kicker, KSplash and KControl are not included.
The KDE 3 versions of kdebase applications such as Konqueror and KWrite, which are redundant with the KDE 4 versions and would conflict with them.
The libkdecorations library required for KWin 3 window decorations, as those window decorations cannot be used in the KDE 4 version of KWin.
The libkickermain library required by some Kicker applets, as there is no Kicker in Fedora 9 and thus Kicker applets cannot be used.
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Developing against the legacy API is discouraged |
---|---|
As with any backwards-compatibility library, developing new software against the legacy API is discouraged. |
For a list of packages that were updated since the previous release, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/PackageChanges/UpdatedPackages. You can also find a comparison of major packages between all Fedora versions at http://distrowatch.com/fedora.
Tujuan dari Proyek Fedora adalah bekerja bersama komunitas Linux untuk membuat sebuah sistem operasi yang lengkap dan untuk beragam penggunaan secara ekslusif dari perangkat lunak dengan sumber terbuka. Proyek Fedora digerakkan oleh orang per orang yang memberikan kontribusi. Sebagai penguji, pembangun, penulis dokumentasi, atau penerjemah, Anda bisa melakukan perubahan. Lihat pada http://fedoraproject.org/join-fedora.html untuk rinciannya. Untuk informasi mengenai saluran komunikasi untuk pengguna Fedora dan kontributor lihat pada http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate.
Proyek Fedora digerakkan oleh orang per orang yang memberikan kontribusi. Sebagai penguji, pembangun, penulis dokumentasi, atau penerjemah, Anda bisa melakukan perubahan. Lihat pada http://fedoraproject.org/join-fedora.html untuk rinciannya. Untuk informasi mengenai saluran komunikasi untuk pengguna Fedora dan kontributor lihat pada http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate.
Sebagai pelengkap situs web, tersedia juga mailing list sebagai berikut:
fedora-list@redhat.com, untuk rilis Fedora
fedora-test-list@redhat.com, untuk penguji rilis Fedora
fedora-devel-list@redhat.com, untuk para developer developers, developers, developers
fedora-docs-list@redhat.com, untuk peserta Proyek Dokumentasi
Untuk berlangganan ke milis ini, kirim email dengan kata "subscribe" pada subyek ke <listname>-request
, di mana <listname>
adalah satu dari nama milis di atas. Alternatifnya, Anda dapat berlangganan ke milis Fedora menggunakan antarmuka web di http://www.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/.
The Fedora Project also uses several IRC (Internet Relay Chat) channels. IRC is a real-time, text-based form of communication, similar to Instant Messaging. With it, you may have conversations with multiple people in an open channel, or chat with someone privately one-on-one. To talk with other Fedora Project participants via IRC, access the Freenode IRC network. Refer to the Freenode website at http://www.freenode.net/ for more information.
Fedora Project participants frequent the #fedora channel on the Freenode network, while Fedora Project developers may often be found on the #fedora-devel channel. Some of the larger projects may have their own channels as well. This information may be found on the webpage for the project, and at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate.
Untuk ikutan chatting di #fedora channel, Anda perlu mendaftarkan nama panggilan, atau nick. Instruksi diberikan ketika Anda /join saluran tersebut.
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Saluran IRC |
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Proyek Fedora dan Red Hat tidak memiliki kontrol atas kanal IRC Proyek Fedora atau konten di dalamnya. |
Istilahnya, sebuah colophon:
mengenali kontributor dan memberikan akuntabilitas, dan
menjelaskan peralatan dan metode produksi.
Amanpreet Singh Alam (Penerjemah - Punjabi)
Andrew Martynov (translator - Russian)
Andrew Overholt (beat contributor)
Anthony Green (beat writer)
Brandon Holbrook (beat contributor)
Bob Jensen (beat writer)
Chris Lennert (beat writer)
Clint Savage (editor)
Dave Malcolm (beat writer)
David Eisenstein (beat writer)
David Woodhouse (beat writer)
Deepak Bhole (beat contributor)
Diego Burigo Zacarao (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Dimitris Glezos (translator - Greek, tools)
Domingo Becker (translator - Spanish)
Fabian Affolter (translator - German)
Francesco Tombolini (translator - Italian)
Gavin Henry (beat writer)
Geert Warrink (penerjemah - Belanda)
Guido Grazioli (translator - Italian)
Hugo Cisneiros (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Igor Miletic (translator - Serbian)
Jeff Johnston (beat contributor)
Jens Petersen (beat writer)
Jesse Keating (beat contributor)
Joe Orton (beat writer)
Jose Nuno Coelho Pires (translator - Portuguese)
Josh Bressers (beat writer)
Karsten Wade (beat writer, editor, co-publisher)
Kevin Kofler (beat writer)
Kyu Lee (beat contributor)
Lenka Celkova (translator - Slovak)
Licio Fonseca (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Lubomir Kundrak (beat contributor, translator - Slovak)
Luya Tshimbalanga (beat writer)
Magnus Larsson (translator - Swedish)
Marc Wiriadisastra (writer, editor)
Marek Mahut (translator - Slovak)
Mathieu Schopfer (translator - French)
Matthieu Rondeau (translator - French)
Martin Ball (beat writer)
Maxim Dziumanenko (translator - Ukrainian)
Murray McAllister (editor)
Nikos Charonitakis (translator - Greek)
Orion Poplawski (beat contributor)
Patrick Barnes (beat writer, editor)
Paul W. Frields (tools, editor)
Pavol Simo (translator - Slovak)
Pawel Sadowski (translator - Polish)
Patrick Ernzer (beat contributor)
Piotr Drag (translator - Polish)
Rahul Sundaram (beat writer, editor)
Sam Folk-Williams (beat writer)
Sekine Tatsuo (translator - Japanese)
Simos Xenitellis (translator - Greek)
Steve Dickson (beat writer)
Teta Bilianou (translator - Greek)
ThomasCanniot (translator - French)
Thomas Gier (translator - German)
Thomas Graf (beat writer)
Tommy Reynolds (tools)
Valnir Ferreira Jr. (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Ville-Pekka Vainio (translator - Finnish)
Will Woods (beat contributor)
Yoshinari Takaoka (translator, tools)
Yuan Yijun (translator - Simplified Chinese)
Zhang Yang (translator - simplified Chinese)
... dan banyak lagi penerjemah. Silakan lihat versi web yang termutakhir dari catatan rilis ini karena kami menambahkan penerjemah lainnya setelah rilis.
Beat writers produce the release notes directly on the Fedora Project Wiki. They collaborate with other subject matter experts during the test release phase of Fedora to explain important changes and enhancements. The editorial team ensures consistency and quality of the finished beats, and ports the Wiki material to DocBook XML in a revision control repository. At this point, the team of translators produces other language versions of the release notes, and then they become available to the general public as part of Fedora. The publication team also makes them, and subsequent errata, available via the Web.